Ecotoxicological Effects of Activated Carbon Amendments on Macroinvertebrates in Nonpolluted and Polluted Sediments
Ecotoxicological Effects of Activated Carbon Amendments on Macroinvertebrates in Nonpolluted and Polluted Sediments
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DOI：
10.1021/es2014538
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Koelmans, A. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kupryianchyk, D.;Reichman, E. P.;Koelmans, A. A.
用活性炭 (AC) 修复受污染的沉积物是一种修复技术，已证明其能够降低水中疏水性有机化合物的浓度。然而，AC 的应用需要有关可能的生态影响的信息，特别是对底栖物种的影响。在这里，我们提供了关于添加 AC 对两种底栖物种（Gammarus pules 和 Asellus Aquaticus）在清洁沉积物与多环芳烃 (PAH) 污染沉积物中的运动、通风、避免沉积物、死亡率和生长的影响的数据。使用 76 μm 聚甲醛被动采样器对 PAH 暴露进行定量。在干净的沉积物中，暴露 3-5 天后，AC 改良剂对两种物种均没有行为影响，对 A. Aquaticus 的存活没有影响，对 G. pulex 的存活有中等影响 (LC(50) = 3.1% AC)，对生长没有影响。相比之下，在没有 AC 的情况下，在 PAH 污染的沉积物中没有检测到幸存者。然而，添加 1% AC 导致水暴露浓度大幅降低，并且 G. pulex 和 A. Aquaticus 的存活率在 8 天内分别增加了 30% 和 100%，在暴露 28 天后分别增加了 5 % 和 50%。我们得出的结论是，添加活性炭可以显着改善受污染沉积物的栖息地质量，并且超过了生态副作用。
Amendment of contaminated sediment with activated carbon (AC) is a remediation technique that has demonstrated its ability to reduce aqueous concentrations of hydrophobic organic compounds. The application of AC, however, requires information on possible ecological effects, especially effects on benthic species. Here, we provide data on the effects of AC addition on locomotion, ventilation, sediment avoidance, mortality, and growth of two benthic species, Gammarus pules and Asellus aquaticus, in clean versus polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated sediment. Exposure to PAH was quantified using 76 mu m polyoxymethylene passive samplers. In clean sediment, AC amendment caused no behavioral effects on both species after 3-5 days exposure, no effect on the survival of A. aquaticus, moderate effect on the survival of G. pulex (LC(50) = 3.1% AC), and no effects on growth. In contrast, no survivors were detected in PAH contaminated sediment without AC. Addition of 1% AC, however, resulted in a substantial reduction of water exposure concentration and increased survival of G. pulex and A. aquaticus by 30 and 100% in 8 days and 5 and 50% after 28 days exposure, respectively. We conclude that AC addition leads to substantial improvement of habitat quality in contaminated sediments and outweighs ecological side effects.