Smell and Taste Disorders Resulting from Cancer and Chemotherapy
Smell and Taste Disorders Resulting from Cancer and Chemotherapy
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DOI：
10.2174/1381612822666160216150812
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Laing, David G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Jennifer;Wakefield, Claire E.;Laing, David G.
营养不良在接受癌症治疗的成人和儿童患者中都很常见。患者通常将维持食物摄入的困难归因于治疗期间口味的改变。本综述总结了以化疗为主要治疗方式的患者味觉和嗅觉功能障碍的已知情况。超过 86% 的癌症患者自我报告的味觉和嗅觉改变普遍存在。有一些证据表明，当使用常见的味觉测试进行评估时，癌症患者的味觉敏感性降低。在一些患者中，味觉和嗅觉的改变可能会在癌症治疗完成后很长时间内继续存在。这些疾病会增加癌症患者的痛苦、降低食欲并导致营养状况不佳。目前还没有有效的干预措施来改善患有味觉和嗅觉变化的癌症患者的食欲或营养摄入。测量癌症患者味觉和嗅觉变化的评估方法缺乏一致性，因此我们建议未来的工作使用成熟的方法。研究还应考虑食物享乐、食物风味和质地在评估癌症患者味觉功能障碍、口腔摄入不良和营养不良之间的关联方面的作用。成人和儿童癌症患者都应了解味觉和嗅觉功能障碍对其食欲和口腔摄入量的潜在影响。
Malnutrition is common in both adult and pediatric patients undergoing treatment for cancer. Patients commonly attribute difficulties maintaining food intake to an altered taste developed during treatment. This review summarizes what is known about taste and smell dysfunction in patients with undergoing chemotherapy as their main treatment modality. Self-reported taste and smell alterations are prevalent in upwards of 86% of cancer patients. There is some evidence for decreased taste sensitivity in cancer patients when assessed using common gustatory tests. In some patients, taste and smell alterations may continue well after their cancer treatment has been completed. Such disorders can increase distress, reduce appetite and contribute towards poor nutritional status in cancer patients. There remain no effective interventions for improving the appetite or nutritional intake of patients with cancer experiencing taste and smell changes. There is a lack of consistency in assessment methodologies for measuring taste and smell changes in cancer patients and we therefore recommend that future work use well-established methods. Research should also take into account the role of food hedonics, food flavor and texture in assessing the association between taste dysfunction, poor oral intake and malnutrition in cancer patients. Both adult and child cancer patients should be counselled on the potential impact taste and smell dysfunction can have on their appetite and oral intake.