Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: A Unicellular "Micromammal" Model Organism.
Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: A Unicellular "Micromammal" Model Organism.
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DOI：
10.1002/cpz1.151
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tang Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vyas A;Freitas AV;Ralston ZA;Tang Z
裂糖酵母（Schizosaccharomyces pombe）是一种杆状的单细胞真核生物，它作为一种模式生物为我们理解真核细胞周期的调节和保护做出了贡献。作为发芽酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae的分支酵母，S. pombe与人类在基因结构、染色质动力学、内含子的流行以及通过pre-mRNA剪接、表观遗传基因沉默和RNAi途径控制基因表达等方面具有更多的共同特征。随着新的研究方法的出现，S. pombe在过去的50年里已经成为越来越多地用于研究各种分子和细胞过程的模型。此外，S. pombe为本科生提供了一个获得实践研究经验的优秀系统。由于裂变酵母系统相对容易维护，其固有的细胞特性，其在经典和分子遗传学中的力量，以及其在基因组学和蛋白质组学分析中的可行性，因此可以使用多种实验方法。本文概述了S. pombe作为一种有价值的模式生物的崛起，并提出了一些例子来强调S. pombe作为一种单细胞“微哺乳动物”在研究生物学问题中的重要性。我们特别关注利用裂变酵母研究后生动物特征的生物过程的优势和进展，以破译所有真核生物基本的潜在分子机制。
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a rod-shaped unicellular eukaryote, well known for its contributions as a model organism to our understanding of regulation and conservation of the eukaryotic cell cycle. As a yeast divergent from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S. pombe shares more common features with humans including gene structures, chromatin dynamics, and the prevalence of introns, as well as the control of gene expression through pre-mRNA splicing, epigenetic gene silencing, and RNAi pathways. With the advent of new methodologies for research, S. pombe has become an increasingly used model to investigate various molecular and cellular processes over the last 50 years. Also, S. pombe serves as an excellent system for undergraduate students to obtain hands-on research experience. Versatile experimental approaches are amenable using the fission yeast system due to its relative ease to maintain, its inherent cellular properties, its power in classic and molecular genetics, and its feasibility in genomics and proteomics analyses. This article provides an overview of S. pombe’s rise as a valuable model organism and presents examples to highlight the significance of S. pombe as a unicellular “micromammal” in investigating biological questions. We especially focus on the advantages of and the advancements in using fission yeast for studying biological processes that are characteristic of metazoans, to decipher the underlining molecular mechanisms fundamental to all eukaryotes.