Preventing HIV infection in women: a global health imperative.

Preventing HIV infection in women: a global health imperative.
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DOI:
10.1086/651483
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发表时间:
2010-05-15
期刊:
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Baxter C
Baxter C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abdool Karim Q;Sibeko S;Baxter C

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女性约占全球所有艾滋病毒感染者的一半。性传播是艾滋病毒传播给妇女的主要方式,伴随而来的是向婴儿传播的流行病。妇女感染艾滋病毒的大多数发生在撒哈拉以南非洲,25岁以下的年轻妇女负担过重。妇女艾滋病毒的获得和预防是复杂的,受到生物、行为和结构因素的影响。减少撒哈拉以南非洲妇女感染艾滋病毒的努力可以在改变全球艾滋病毒发展轨迹方面发挥重要作用。增加获得性健康和生殖健康服务的机会,解决基于性别的暴力和社会不稳定问题,减少贫穷和为了生存的性,以及鼓励男性承担更大的责任,这些都是至关重要的中短期干预措施。需要在努力寻找杀微生物剂和艾滋病毒疫苗的同时,努力加深对女性生殖道中艾滋病毒感染的了解,以便为艾滋病毒预防的目标分子的发展提供信息。
Women account for about half of all HIV infections globally. Sexual transmission is the dominant mode of HIV transmission to women and there is a concomitant, associated epidemic of transmission to infants. The majority of HIV infections in women are in sub-Saharan Africa with a disproportionate burden in young women under 25 years old. HIV acquisition and prevention in women is complex and influenced by biological, behavioral and structural factors. Efforts to reduce HIV infection in women in sub-Saharan African could play a substantial role in altering global HIV trajectories. Increasing access to sexual and reproductive health services, addressing gender based violence and social instability , reducing poverty and sex for survival, and encouraging greater male responsibility are critical short-to medium term interventions. Efforts to find a microbicide and HIV vaccine need to be matched with efforts to deepen understanding of HIV acquisition in the female genital tract to inform development of targeted molecules for HIV prevention.
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