PRODUCTION OF SOME ORGANIC COMPOUNDS UNDER POSSIBLE PRIMITIVE EARTH CONDITIONS
PRODUCTION OF SOME ORGANIC COMPOUNDS UNDER POSSIBLE PRIMITIVE EARTH CONDITIONS
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DOI：
10.1021/ja01614a001
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发表时间：
1955-01-01
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
MILLER, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MILLER, SL
CH<、NHS、H»0 和 H2 等气体混合物（可能构成地球早期的大气层）已接受火花和无声放电长达一周的时间，以确定将合成哪些有机化合物。描述了装置的几种设计及其构造的原因。对剩余气体进行分析并发现CO、CO 2 、N 2 和初始气体。形成似乎与痕量金属相关的红色化合物，以及可能是聚合物的黄色化合物，其具有酸性、碱性和两性特性。使用离子交换树脂将化合物混合物分离成酸性、碱性和两性部分。氨基酸在 Dowex-50 上进行色谱分析，酸在硅胶上进行色谱分析。甘氨酸、d,/-丙氨酸、/3-丙氨酸、肌氨酸、d,/-a-氨基异丁酸和氨基异丁酸已通过纸色谱法和衍生物的熔点进行了鉴定。产生大量的几种未鉴定的氨基酸和少量的约 25 种氨基酸，而乙醇酸、d,/-乳酸、甲酸、乙酸和丙酸构成了大部分酸部分。给出了这些化合物的定量估计。有证据表明存在未知成分的多羟基化合物。 HCN 和醛是排放的直接产物。尽管没有足够的证据，但羟基和氨基酸的合成可能是通过溶液中的羟基和氨基腈进行的。简要讨论了这些实验与地球形成和生命起源的关系。
A mixture of gases, CH<, NHS, H» 0 and H2, which possibly made up the atmosphere of the Earth in its early stages, has been subjected to spark and silent discharges for times of the order of a week to determine which organic compounds would be synthesized. Several designs of apparatus and reasons for their construction are described. Analyses of the remaining gases were made and CO, C02, N2 and the initial gases were found. A red compound that seems to be associated with the trace metals is formed, as well as yellow compounds probably polymers, which have acidic, basic and ampholytic properties. The mixture of compounds is separated into acidic, basic andampholytic fractions with ion exchange resins. The amino acids are chromatographed on Dowex-50 and the acids on silica. Glycine, d,/-alanine,/3-alanine, sarcosme, d,/-a-aminow-butyric acidand-aminoisobutyric acid have been identified by paper chromatography and by melting points of de-rivatives. Substantial quantities of several unidentified amino acids and small amounts of about 25 amino acids are produced, while glycolic, d,/-lactic, formic, acetic and propionic acids make up most of the acid fraction. Quantitative estimates of these compounds are given. Evidence is presented that polyhydroxy compounds of unknown composition are present. HCN and aldehydes are direct products of the discharge. Although there is insufficient evidence, the synthesis of the hy-droxy and amino acids may be through the hydroxy and amino nitriles in the solution. The relation of these experiments to the formation of the Earth and the origin of life is briefly discussed.