BEHAVIOR OF PERIOD-ALTERED CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM MUTANTS OF DROSOPHILA IN LIGHT - DARK CYCLES (DIPTERA, DROSOPHILIDAE)
BEHAVIOR OF PERIOD-ALTERED CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM MUTANTS OF DROSOPHILA IN LIGHT - DARK CYCLES (DIPTERA, DROSOPHILIDAE)
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01058189
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发表时间：
1992-07-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
HALL, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAMBLENCOYLE, MJ;WHEELER, DA;HALL, JC
在光暗循环条件下（每个循环12 h），观察果蝇成虫的运动活动。在这些“LD”条件下，野生型果蝇的基本行为在高活性水平和低活性水平之间波动。在一个特定的周期内，有两个高活性峰：一个在黎明时分，另一个在黄昏时分。这种增强的活动水平在白天和晚上逐渐下降到低谷，之后苍蝇通过逐渐变得更加活跃来预测下一个环境转变。通过新开发的“昼夜节律”阶段的正式分析（部分基于原始行为数据的数字过滤），增强了对这些活动概况的描述。这些分析的应用导致了客观的，自动化的确定何时在早上和晚上苍蝇的活动高峰发生。将这种正常的昼夜行为与一系列节律变体的自发活动和相位测定进行比较。其中大多数涉及周期（per）基因座的突变，以及携带从该“时钟基因”克隆的正常或改变形式的DNA的种系转化体。“这种遗传变异以前已经显示出，在恒定的黑暗中，菌株特异性的昼夜节律周期约为19至29小时。我们现在表明，在LD条件下的活动的晚上高峰的阶段相应地早于正常的短周期的突变体和晚于正常的那些具有较长的昼夜节律周期持续时间。然而，在给定的每个变量的影响下，早晨的峰值移动（与正常相位位置相比）最小。
Adults of Drosophila melanogaster had their locomotor activity monitored under conditions of cycling light and dark (12 h each per cycle). The elementary behavior of wild-type flies under these "LD" conditions fluctuated between levels of high and levels of low activity. Two high-activity peaks occurred within a given cycle: one at about dawn; the other, at around dusk. Such accentuated activity levels gradually subsided to troughs in the middle of the day and of the night, after which the flies anticipated the next environmental transition by gradually becoming more active. Descriptions of these activity profiles were augmented by newly developed formal analyses of the "diel rhythm " phases (based in part on digital filterings of the raw behavioral data). The applications of these analyses led to objective, automated determination of when in the morning and the evening the flies' activity peaks occur. This normal diel behavior was compared to the locomotor activity and phase determinations for a series of rhythm variants. Most of these involved mutations at the period (per) locus and germ-line transformants bearing normal or altered forms of DNA cloned from this "clock gene." Such genetic variants have been shown previously to exhibit, in constant darkness, strain-specific circadian periods ranging from about 19 to about 29 h. We now show that the phases of the evening peaks of activity under LD conditions were correspondingly earlier than normal for the short-period mutants and later than normal for those with long circadian cycle durations. The morning peaks, however, moved (in comparison to the normal phase position) minimally under the influence of a given per variant.