Intercellular transport of microRNAs.
Intercellular transport of microRNAs.
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DOI：
10.1161/atvbaha.112.300139
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发表时间：
2013-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vickers KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boon RA;Vickers KC
细胞外微小核糖核酸（miRNA）存在于大多数生物体液中，相对稳定，在疾病生物标志物和新疗法方面具有很大的潜力。循环mirna通过膜源性囊泡（外泌体和微粒）、脂蛋白和其他核糖核蛋白复合物运输。有证据表明，mirna选择性地从具有不同特征的细胞中输出，这些特征已被发现在许多病理生理学（包括心血管疾病）中发生改变。在载体的保护下，功能mirna不受血浆核糖核酸酶的影响，通过各种途径传递到受体细胞。转移的mirna利用细胞机制减少靶基因表达并改变细胞表型。与可溶性因子类似，mirna介导细胞间通信，连接不同的细胞类型、不同的生物机制和稳态途径。尽管已经取得了重大进展，但miRNA细胞间通讯充满了复杂性，仍然存在许多问题。本文综述了目前已知的和突出的一个适用于心血管疾病的新研究领域。
Extracellular microRNAs (miRNA) are present in most biological fluids, relatively stable, and hold great potential for disease biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Circulating miRNAs are transported by membrane-derived vesicles (exosomes and microparticles), lipoproteins, and other ribonucleoprotein complexes. Evidence suggests that miRNAs are selectively exported from cells with distinct signatures that have been found to be altered in many pathophysiologies, including cardiovascular disease. Protected from plasma ribonucleases by their carriers, functional miRNAs are delivered to recipient cells by various routes. Transferred miRNAs utilize cellular machinery to reduce target gene expression and alter cellular phenotype. Similar to soluble factors, miRNAs mediate cell-to-cell communication linking disparate cell types, diverse biological mechanisms, and homeostatic pathways. Although, significant advances have been made, miRNA intercellular communication is full of complexities and many questions remain. This review brings into focus what is currently known and outstanding in a novel field of study with applicability to cardiovascular disease.