Role of Vitamin A/Retinoic Acid in Regulation of Embryonic and Adult Hematopoiesis.
Role of Vitamin A/Retinoic Acid in Regulation of Embryonic and Adult Hematopoiesis.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu9020159
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发表时间：
2017-02-20
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Carmona R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cañete A;Cano E;Muñoz-Chápuli R;Carmona R
维生素A是生命中必不可少的微量营养素。其生理活性代谢物视黄酸（RA）通过核视黄酸受体（RAR）起作用，是胚胎发育期间图案形成的有效调节剂，并且是成体组织稳态所必需的。怀孕期间缺乏维生素A会增加产妇夜盲症和贫血的风险，并可能是先天性畸形的原因。儿童维生素A缺乏可导致干眼症、感染抵抗力降低和死亡风险增加。RA信号似乎是必需的基因的表达参与发育造血，调节内皮细胞/血细胞平衡的卵黄囊，促进造血程序在性腺-中肾区和刺激红细胞生成在胎肝中通过激活促红细胞生成素的表达。在成人中，RA信号调节粒细胞的分化并增强红细胞生成。维生素A可以促进铁的吸收和代谢，以防止贫血，并在粘膜免疫反应中发挥关键作用，调节调节T细胞的功能。此外，RA/RARα信号传导缺陷参与了由于早幼粒细胞分化失败而导致的急性早幼粒细胞白血病的发病机制。本文综述了维生素A/RA信号在小鼠胚胎期和成年期生理和病理造血过程中的不同作用，以及维生素A缺乏对血液系统的影响。
Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient throughout life. Its physiologically active metabolite retinoic acid (RA), acting through nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs), is a potent regulator of patterning during embryonic development, as well as being necessary for adult tissue homeostasis. Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy increases risk of maternal night blindness and anemia and may be a cause of congenital malformations. Childhood Vitamin A deficiency can cause xerophthalmia, lower resistance to infection and increased risk of mortality. RA signaling appears to be essential for expression of genes involved in developmental hematopoiesis, regulating the endothelial/blood cells balance in the yolk sac, promoting the hemogenic program in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros area and stimulating eryrthropoiesis in fetal liver by activating the expression of erythropoietin. In adults, RA signaling regulates differentiation of granulocytes and enhances erythropoiesis. Vitamin A may facilitate iron absorption and metabolism to prevent anemia and plays a key role in mucosal immune responses, modulating the function of regulatory T cells. Furthermore, defective RA/RARα signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia due to a failure in differentiation of promyelocytes. This review focuses on the different roles played by vitamin A/RA signaling in physiological and pathological mouse hematopoiesis duddurring both, embryonic and adult life, and the consequences of vitamin A deficiency for the blood system.