SURVIVAL OF ENTERIC VIRUSES ON ENVIRONMENTAL FOMITES
SURVIVAL OF ENTERIC VIRUSES ON ENVIRONMENTAL FOMITES
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.60.10.3704-3710.1994
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发表时间：
1994-10-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
BOSCH, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ABAD, FX;PINTO, RM;BOSCH, A
对人体肠道病毒在几种多孔性(纸、酸性棉布)和无孔性(铝、中国、釉面砖、乳胶和聚苯乙烯)环境表面上的存活进行了评估。病毒在机构和家庭环境中常见的几种材料上持续了较长时间。病毒的稳定性通常受环境因素的影响，如相对湿度(RH)、温度和污染表面的类型。总体而言，甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)和人类轮状病毒(HRV)比肠道腺病毒(ADV)和脊髓灰质炎病毒(PV)对灭活的抵抗力更强。对干燥步骤的抵抗力似乎对决定在混合菌体上干燥的病毒的存活率具有重要意义。ADV和PV在这一阶段滴度显著下降，而HAV和HRV在干燥阶段几乎没有衰退。HAV和HRV的持续性不受粪便物质存在的影响。在无孔表面，PV和ADV在有粪便的情况下保持得更好。然而，在多孔菌群上，粪便物质的存在对PV和ADV的存活有负面影响。除HRV外，在4℃时观察到的病毒存活率比在20℃时更高；PV和HAV的存活率在高RH时得到提高；后者的存活率至少在无孔材料中得到提高。当在多孔材料上干燥时，HRV在高RH时也表现出更大的持久性。RH对ADV的存活无明显影响。对脆弱类杆菌噬菌体作为人类病毒在融合蛋白上干燥的指示剂的有效性进行了评价。脆弱杆菌噬菌体持续的时间比PV和ADV长，有时存活的时间与HAV和HRV一样长。
The survival of human enteric viruses on several porous (paper acid cotton cloth) and nonporous (aluminum, china, glazed tile, latex, and polystyrene) environmental surfaces has been evaluated. Viruses persisted for extended periods on several types of materials commonly found in institutions and domestic environments. The stability of the viruses was generally influenced by environmental factors such as relative humidity (RH), temperature, and the type of surface contaminated. Overall, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and human rotavirus (HRV) were more resistant to inactivation than enteric adenovirus (ADV) and poliovirus (PV). The resistance to the desiccation step appears to be of major significance in determining the survival of a virus dried on fomites. ADV and PV showed a pronounced decrease in titer at this stage, whereas HAV and HRV displayed little decay at the desiccation step. HAV and HRV persistence was not affected by the presence of fecal material. On nonporous surfaces, PV and ADV persisted better in the presence of feces. However, on porous fomites the presence of fecal material had a negative influence on the survival of PV and ADV. Except for HRV, greater virus survival was observed at 4 degrees than at 20 degrees C. PV and HAV survival was enhanced at high RH; the survival of the latter was enhanced at least for nonporous materials. When dried on porous materials, HRV also exhibited greater persistence at high RH. The survival of ADV was not affected by RH. The validity of using bacteriophages of Bacteroides fragilis as indicators of human viruses dried on fomites was evaluated. B. fragilis phages persisted consistently longer than PV and ADV and sometimes survived as long as HAV and HRV.