A 21-year longitudinal analysis of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on young adult drinking
A 21-year longitudinal analysis of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on young adult drinking
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.60.4.377
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Streissguth, AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baer, JS;Sampson, PD;Streissguth, AP
背景：产前酒精暴露可能是人类酒精问题发展的一个危险因素。方法：我们使用从孕中期接受产前护理的妇女的访谈开始的数据来预测她们21岁的后代的酒精使用和与酒精相关的问题。从1974年11月4日到1975年10月2日，对孕妇在怀孕期间饮酒进行了评估，并对母亲吸烟、咖啡因和其他药物的使用以及人口因素进行了评估。酒精问题的家族史是在子女14岁时通过与父母的访谈进行评估的，并在子女21岁时更新。在7个不同的年龄，从产前到21岁，对父母使用酒精和其他药物以及家庭环境的许多方面的衡量标准进行了评估。年轻成年子女(21岁，N=433)提供饮酒量和饮酒频率的自我报告，并完成酒精依赖量表，作为酒精相关问题和依赖的测量。结果：单变量、偏最小二乘和回归分析表明，产前酒精暴露与21岁时的酒精问题显著相关。这种关系持续不受酒精问题家族史、尼古丁暴露、其他产前暴露以及出生后环境因素(包括父母使用其他药物)的影响。结论：孕期尼古丁暴露是人类饮酒问题发生的危险因素。胎儿暴露的作用和酒精问题发展的潜在机制值得研究。
Background: Prenatal alcohol exposure may be a risk factor for the development of alcohol problems in humans.Methods: We use data beginning with interviews of women in prenatal care at midpregnancy to predict alcohol use and alcohol-related problems in their offspring now aged 21 years. Maternal drinking during pregnancy was assessed from November 4, 1974, through October 2, 1975, along with measures of maternal smoking, use of caffeine and other drugs, and demographic factors. Family history of alcohol problems was assessed from interviews with parents when offspring were 14 years of age and updated when offspring were 21 years of age. Measures of parental use of alcohol and other drugs and many aspects of the family environment were assessed at 7 different ages, prenatally through 21 years. Young adult offspring (age, 21 years [N = 433]) provided self-reports of drinking quantity and frequency and completed the Alcohol Dependence Scale as a measure of alcohol-related problems and dependence.Results: Univariate, partial least squares, and regression analyses indicate that prenatal alcohol exposure is significantly associated with alcohol problems at 21 years of age. The relationship persists independent of the effects of family history of alcohol problems, nicotine exposure, other prenatal exposures, and postnatal environmental factors including parental use of other drugs. Prenatal nicotine exposure was not associated with alcohol problems by offspring at 21 years of age.Conclusions: Prenatal alcohol exposure is a risk factor for the development of drinking problems in humans. Potential mechanisms for the role of fetal exposure and the development of alcohol problems deserve study.