Mouse zona pellucida dynamically changes its elasticity during oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryo development.
Mouse zona pellucida dynamically changes its elasticity during oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryo development.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-0774.2006.00019.x
复制
发表时间：
2006-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Omata, Sadao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murayama, Yoshinobu;Mizuno, Jinji;Omata, Sadao
本文对小鼠卵母细胞成熟、受精和早期胚胎发育过程中透明膜弹性的变化进行了定量研究。用微触觉传感器（MTS）和专门设计的测量室测量了胚泡（GV）、中期II（MII）、原核（PN）、2细胞、4细胞、8细胞、桑椹胚（M）和早期囊胚（EB）的透明膜的杨氏模量。MTS具有非常高的灵敏度，仅5微米的变形就足以计算杨氏模量，并且卵母细胞/胚胎在测量期间保持其原始球形。GV、MII、PN、2cell、4cell、8 cell、M和EB的杨氏模量分别为22.8+/-10.4kPa（n=30）、8.26+/-5.22kPa（n=74）、22.3+/-10.5kPa（n=66）、13.8+/-3.54kPa（n=41）、12.6+/-3.34kPa（n=19），分别为5.97 ± 4.97 kPa（n=6）、1.88 ± 1.34 kPa（n=8）和3.39 ± 1.86 kPa（n=4）。实验结果清楚地表明，小鼠卵透明膜在受精后硬化。有趣的是，一旦透明膜在PN阶段硬化，随着胚胎发育，它逐渐软化（即发现透明膜硬化是一种短暂的现象）。此外，GV卵母细胞的透明带与PN胚胎的透明带一样硬，随着成熟到MII期而变得柔软。此外，还从理论和实验两方面对卵母细胞和胚胎MTS测定的安全性进行了讨论。
A change in the elasticity of mouse zona pellucida was quantitatively evaluated during oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryo development. Young's modulus of zona pellucida of germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase-II (MII), pronuclear (PN), 2cell, 4cell, 8cell, morulae (M) and early blastocyst (EB) stages was measured using a micro tactile sensor (MTS) and a chamber exclusively designed for the measurement. The MTS has very high sensitivity and a deformation of only 5 microm was sufficient to calculate the Young's modulus and the oocyte/embryo maintained its original spherical shape during the measurement. The Young's modulus of GV, MII, PN, 2cell, 4cell, 8cell, M and EB was 22.8+/-10.4 kPa (n=30), 8.26+/-5.22 kPa (n=74), 22.3+/-10.5 kPa (n=66), 13.8+/-3.54 kPa (n=41), 12.6+/-3.34 kPa (n=19), 5.97+/-4.97 kPa (n=6), 1.88+/-1.34 kPa (n=8) and 3.39+/-1.86 kPa (n=4), respectively. Experimental results clearly demonstrated that the mouse zona pellucida hardened following fertilization. Interestingly, once the zona pellucida hardened at the PN stage, it gradually softened as the embryo developed (i.e. it was found that the zona hardening is a transient phenomenon). Furthermore, the zona pellucida of the GV oocyte was as hard as that of the PN embryo and became soft as it matured to the MII stage. In addition, the safety of the MTS measurement for oocytes and embryos was discussed both theoretically and experimentally.