Review: Transport of maternal cholesterol to the fetal circulation.
Review: Transport of maternal cholesterol to the fetal circulation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.placenta.2011.01.011
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发表时间：
2011-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Woollett LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woollett LA
最近对人类、啮齿动物和细胞培养的研究数据表明，循环的母体胆固醇可以被转运到胎儿体内。负责转运的两种主要细胞类型是滋养细胞和胎胎盘血管的内皮细胞。母体脂蛋白-胆固醇最初通过受体介导和不依赖受体的过程被滋养细胞吸收，由细胞表达的任意数量的固醇转运蛋白转运，并通过蛋白质介导的过程或水扩散从基侧流出或分泌。然后，这些胆固醇被内皮细胞吸收，并外排到胎儿循环中的受体。控制母体胆固醇被胎盘吸收并传递给胎儿的能力可能会对患有史密斯-莱姆利-奥皮茨综合征（sls）的胎儿的发育产生积极影响，因为sls的合成胆固醇能力降低，并可能影响未受sls影响但出生体重低的胎儿的生长。
Data obtained from recent studies in humans, rodents, and cell culture demonstrate that circulating maternal cholesterol can be transported to the fetus. The two major cell types responsible for the transport are trophoblasts and endothelial cells of the fetoplacental vasculature. Maternal lipoprotein-cholesterol is initially taken up by trophoblasts via receptor-mediated and receptor-independent processes, is transported by any number of the sterol transport proteins expressed by cells, and is effluxed or secreted out of the basal side via protein-mediated processes or by aqueous diffusion. This cholesterol is then taken up by the endothelium and effluxed to acceptors within the fetal circulation. The ability to manipulate the mass of maternal cholesterol that is taken up by the placenta and crosses to the fetus could positively impact development of fetuses affected with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) that have reduced ability to synthesize cholesterol and possibly impact growth of fetuses unaffected by SLOS but with low birthweights.