Ecological Distribution and CQ11 Genetic Structure of Culex pipiens Complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Italy.
Ecological Distribution and CQ11 Genetic Structure of Culex pipiens Complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Italy.
复制标题
意大利的Culex Pipiens复合物（双翅目：Culicidae）的生态分布和CQ11遗传结构。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0146476
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Romi R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Luca M;Toma L;Boccolini D;Severini F;La Rosa G;Minelli G;Bongiorno G;Montarsi F;Arnoldi D;Capelli G;Rizzoli A;Romi R
淡色库蚊群中的蚊子被认为参与了一系列病原体的传播，包括西尼罗河病毒（WNV）。尽管其分类学地位仍有争议，但该复合体包括全球分布或分布较为有限的物种，形态相似，具有不同的生理和行为特征，这些特征影响它们作为载体的能力。在许多欧洲国家，Cx。 pipiens 和它的兄弟种 torrentium 库蚊存在于同域中，表现出相似的生物学和形态特征，但只有 Cx. pipiens 似乎在西尼罗河病毒传播中发挥着媒介作用。该物种由两种生物型组成，即pipiens和molestus，它们在同源时可以杂交，并且由于中间的生态特征，它们的杂交体可以充当西尼罗河病毒桥载体。考虑到自 2008 年以来每年西尼罗河病毒爆发，并考虑到识别物种和生物型的形态学困难，我们的目标是对 Cx 进行分子鉴定和表征。 pipiens 和 Cx。意大利的 torrentium，使用最近开发的分子测定法。未检测到雷库蚊；与其他欧洲国家一样，在大多数环境中，pipiens和molestus生物型都与杂种同源。适用于 CQ11 基因型频率的 UPGMA 聚类分析主要揭示了两组 Cx。不同生态特征的 pipiens 种群。结果表明，鼹鼠生物型高度倾向于存在于地下环境中，其中栖息地的物理特征阻碍和排除了基因流动。这些结果证实 CQ11 测定是一种可靠的诊断方法，与所分析人群的生态和生理方面一致。由于评估三种生物型在西尼罗河病毒循环中的实际作用仍然是有待阐明的关键点，因此对 Cx 进行广泛的分子筛选。 pipiens 种群可以为该物种的生态提供新的见解，并可能为意大利规划和实施西尼罗河病毒监测活动提供有用的指示。
Mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex are considered to be involved in the transmission of a range of pathogens, including West Nile virus (WNV). Although its taxonomic status is still debated, the complex includes species, both globally distributed or with a more limited distribution, morphologically similar and characterised by different physiological and behavioural traits, which affect their ability as vectors. In many European countries, Cx. pipiens and its sibling species Culex torrentium occur in sympatry, exhibiting similar bionomic and morphological characters, but only Cx. pipiens appears to play a vector role in WNV transmission. This species consists of two biotypes, pipiens and molestus, which can interbreed when in sympatry, and their hybrids can act as WNV-bridge vectors, due to intermediate ecological features. Considering the yearly WNV outbreaks since 2008 and given the morphological difficulties in recognising species and biotypes, our aim was to molecularly identify and characterised Cx. pipiens and Cx. torrentium in Italy, using recently developed molecular assays. Culex torrentium was not detected; as in other European countries, the pipiens and molestus biotypes were widely found in sympatry with hybrids in most environments. The UPGMA cluster analysis applied to CQ11 genotypic frequencies mainly revealed two groups of Cx. pipiens populations that differed in ecological features. The high propensity of the molestus biotype to exist in hypogean environments, where the habitat’s physical characteristics hinder and preclude the gene flow, was shown. These results confirmed the CQ11 assay as a reliable diagnostic method, consistent with the ecological and physiological aspects of the populations analysed. Since the assessment of the actual role of three biotypes in the WNV circulation remains a crucial point to be elucidated, this extensive molecular screening of Cx. pipiens populations can provide new insights into the ecology of the species and may give useful indications to plan and implement WNV surveillance activities in Italy.