Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Reflecting on the Mirror Neuron System in Autism: a Systematic Review of Current Theories
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Reflecting on the Mirror Neuron System in Autism: a Systematic Review of Current Theories
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A. F. De;C. Hamilton
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作者：
A. F. De;C. Hamilton
自闭症谱系患者镜像神经元系统功能障碍导致社会互动和沟通困难，这一说法引起了人们的极大兴趣。本文系统回顾了所有已发表的使用神经科学方法（EEG/MEG/TMS/eyetracking/EMG/fMRI）来检查自闭症镜像系统完整性的研究。评审了25篇合适的论文。这篇综述表明，目前的数据非常混杂，使用弱局部测量镜像系统完整性的研究很难解释。唯一能准确测量镜像系统功能的方法是功能磁共振成像。在功能磁共振成像研究中，使用情绪刺激的研究报告了组间差异，但使用非情绪手部动作刺激的研究则没有。总的来说，几乎没有证据表明自闭症患者的镜像系统存在全球性的功能障碍。目前的数据可以在另一种模型下得到更好的理解，即社会自上而下的反应调节在自闭症中是异常的。讨论了该模型的意义和未来的研究方向。
There is much interest in the claim that dysfunction of the mirror neuron system in individuals with autism spectrum condition causes difficulties in social interaction and communication. This paper systematically reviews all published studies using neuroscience methods (EEG/MEG/TMS/eyetracking/EMG/fMRI) to examine the integrity of the mirror system in autism. 25 suitable papers are reviewed. The review shows that current data are very mixed and that studies using weakly localised measures of the integrity of the mirror system are hard to interpret. The only well localised measure of mirror system function is fMRI. In fMRI studies, those using emotional stimuli have reported group differences, but studies using non-emotional hand action stimuli do not. Overall, there is little evidence for a global dysfunction of the mirror system in autism. Current data can be better understood under an alternative model in which social top-down response modulation is abnormal in autism. The implications of this model and future research directions are discussed.