Immunity to fungi in the lung.
Immunity to fungi in the lung.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.smim.2023.101728
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Hohl, Tobias M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heung, Lena J.;Wiesner, Darin L.;Wang, Keyi;Rivera, Amariliz;Hohl, Tobias M.
关键词：
呼吸树保持对人类真菌病原体的杀菌免疫力。人类吸入无处不在的丝状霉菌和地理上受限制的二型真菌病原体，形成小的空气分生孢子。此外，致病性酵母菌，例如包囊隐球菌属和肺孢子菌对肺部构成重大的真菌威胁。真菌性肺炎通常发生在免疫功能低下的个体中，特别是HIV/AIDS患者、血液恶性肿瘤患者、器官移植受者以及接受皮质类固醇和靶向生物制剂治疗的患者，这些药物会损害肺部的真菌免疫监视。严重流感和COVID-19期间真菌合并感染的出现强调了呼吸道病毒和治疗病毒感染的药物疗法对肺部真菌特异性宿主防御途径的损害。除了危及生命的侵袭性综合征，真菌抗原暴露可加重肺部过敏性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肺特异性抗真菌免疫的新原理，整合了肺上皮细胞、先天免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞对粘膜屏障免疫的贡献和合作，并强调了真菌相关过敏性疾病的发病机制。对呼吸树中真菌特异性免疫的更好理解为开发肺部真菌疾病的改进诊断、预防、治疗和疫苗方法铺平了道路。
The respiratory tree maintains sterilizing immunity against human fungal pathogens. Humans inhale ubiquitous filamentous molds and geographically restricted dimorphic fungal pathogens that form small airborne conidia. In addition, pathogenic yeasts, exemplified by encapsulated Cryptococcus species, and Pneumocystis pose significant fungal threats to the lung. Classically, fungal pneumonia occurs in immune compromised individuals, specifically in patients with HIV/AIDS, in patients with hematologic malignancies, in organ transplant recipients, and in patients treated with corticosteroids and targeted biologics that impair fungal immune surveillance in the lung. The emergence of fungal co-infections during severe influenza and COVID-19 underscores the impairment of fungus-specific host defense pathways in the lung by respiratory viruses and by medical therapies to treat viral infections. Beyond life-threatening invasive syndromes, fungal antigen exposure can exacerbate allergenic disease in the lung. In this review, we discuss emerging principles of lung-specific antifungal immunity, integrate the contributions and cooperation of lung epithelial, innate immune, and adaptive immune cells to mucosal barrier immunity, and highlight the pathogenesis of fungal-associated allergenic disease. Improved understanding of fungus-specific immunity in the respiratory tree has paved the way to develop improved diagnostic, pre-emptive, therapeutic, and vaccine approaches for fungal diseases of the lung.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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