Changes in vector species composition and current vector biology and behaviour will favour malaria elimination in Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands
Changes in vector species composition and current vector biology and behaviour will favour malaria elimination in Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-10-287
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发表时间：
2011-09-30
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Cooper, Robert D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bugoro, Hugo;Iro'ofa, Charlie;Cooper, Robert D.
背景：2009年，所罗门群岛的圣伊莎贝尔省开始实施消除疟疾方案。然而，该省对按蚊动物群、哪些物种是病媒、它们的生物学特性以及它们如何对强化干预措施作出反应知之甚少。本研究的目的是提供关于疟疾病媒的基线数据，并确定使用现有的常规病媒控制措施，如室内滞留喷洒（IRS）和长效杀虫蚊帐（LLIN）成功消除疟疾的可能性。为了确定物种组成和分布，在全岛进行了幼虫调查。疟疾传播的研究，成年按蚊采样使用人类登陆渔获物从两个村庄-一个沿海和一个inland.Results：五种按蚊被发现在圣伊莎贝尔：按蚊farauti，按蚊hinesorum，按蚊lungae，按蚊solomonis，和按蚊纳塔利。中华按蚊是分布最广的种。法劳蒂按蚊数量很多，但只在海岸上发现。没有发现斑点按蚊和科里按蚊，法劳蒂按蚊是唯一在沿海村庄发现的叮咬物种，在这项研究中，它被认为是一种媒介;它在深夜进食，但在室内和室外同样如此，存活率很低。所罗门按蚊是内陆村庄叮咬人类的主要蚊种，嗜外食性强，存活率低，易食猪。punctulatus和A. koliensis，来自圣伊莎贝尔和An. hinesorum是一种非病媒物种，可能有助于消除疟疾的措施。法劳蒂按蚊是我国沿海主要媒介按蚊。所罗门是一种可能的内陆病媒。安的行为。所罗门斯很新颖，因为之前从未发现它咬过人类。这两个物种似乎都是短命的，这一特点将限制它们的传播潜力。早期夜间喂养行为和一定程度的户外叮咬看到安。farauti，特别是在一个。所罗门群岛将要求密切监测它们对室内滞留喷雾杀虫剂和长效杀虫剂网络的反应。在沿海村庄，那里有大的，有利的繁殖地点，允许大量的An。法劳蒂可能需要增加幼虫控制以实现消除。
Background: In 2009, Santa Isabel Province in the Solomon Islands embarked on a malaria elimination programme. However, very little is known in the Province about the anopheline fauna, which species are vectors, their bionomics and how they may respond to intensified intervention measures. The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data on the malaria vectors and to ascertain the possibility of successfully eliminating malaria using the existing conventional vector control measures, such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN).Methods: Entomological surveys were undertaken during October 2009. To determine species composition and distribution larval surveys were conducted across on the whole island. For malaria transmission studies, adult anophelines were sampled using human landing catches from two villages - one coastal and one inland.Results: Five Anopheles species were found on Santa Isabel: Anopheles farauti, Anopheles hinesorum, Anopheles lungae, Anopheles solomonis, and Anopheles nataliae. Anopheles hinesorum was the most widespread species. Anopheles farauti was abundant, but found only on the coast. Anopheles punctulatus and Anopheles koliensis were not found. Anopheles farauti was the only species found biting in the coastal village, it was incriminated as a vector in this study; it fed early in the night but equally so indoors and outdoors, and had a low survival rate. Anopheles solomonis was the main species biting humans in the inland village, it was extremely exophagic, with low survival rates, and readily fed on pigs.Conclusion: The disappearance of the two major vectors, An. punctulatus and An. koliensis, from Santa Isabel and the predominance of An. hinesorum, a non-vector species may facilitate malaria elimination measures. Anopheles farauti was identified as the main coastal vector with An. solomonis as a possible inland vector. The behaviour of An. solomonis is novel as it has not been previously found biting humans in any numbers. Both species appear to be short-lived, a characteristic that will limit their transmission potential. The early night feeding behaviour and a degree of outdoor biting seen in An. farauti and particularly in An. solomonis will require that their response to IRS and LLIN be closely monitored. In coastal villages, where large, favourable breeding sites allow for high numbers of An. farauti may require the addition of larval control to achieve elimination.