The Recent Electrochemical Biosensor Technologies for Monitoring of Nucleic Acid Hybridization
The Recent Electrochemical Biosensor Technologies for Monitoring of Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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DOI：
10.2174/157341111793797671
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Erdem, Arzum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karadeniz, Hakan;Kuralay, Filiz;Erdem, Arzum
电化学生物传感器在临床、生物、制药、法医、环境和农业等领域具有重要的应用价值。它们具有制备快速、简单、成本低的优点，允许生物化合物在任何尺寸的电极上定位，与样品浊度无关，高灵敏度和高选择性。电化学器件在DNA杂交生物传感器的发展中引起了人们的极大兴趣。它们依赖于杂交事件转化为直接的电化学信号。为了提高DNA杂交的稳定性、重复性和灵敏度，人们在DNA杂交检测方面做了大量的工作。本文综述了利用聚合物技术、纳米颗粒、磁性颗粒和碳纳米管进行核酸杂交的先进电化学方法。介绍了包括导电聚合物在内的聚合物修饰电极的制备及其在DNA杂交中的应用，该修饰电极具有电催化、电活性好、灵敏度高、为DNA固定化提供合适的基质等优点。介绍了各种纳米材料在生物传感器中的作用，这些材料具有比表面积大、异相电子转移速度快、生物相容性好、信号增强和选择性好等优点。对这些技术的结合也进行了详细的讨论。
Electrochemical biosensors have a key importance in many areas including clinical, biological, pharmaceutical, forensic, environmental and agricultural applications. They have the advantages of rapid, easy and low cost preparation allowing the localization of biocompound on electrodes of any size with independence of sample turbidity, high sensitivity and high selectivity. Electrochemical devices have attracted considerable interest in the development of DNA hybridization biosensors. They rely on the conversion of hybridization event into a direct electrochemical signal. Many efforts have been carried out in the detection of DNA hybridization for improving the stability, reproducibility and sensitivity.This review summarizes the advanced electrochemical methodologies involved in nucleic acid hybridization performed by using polymer technology, nanoparticles (NPs), magnetic particles, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The preparation of polymer modified electrodes especially including conducting polymers and their applications for DNA hybridization are given with the advantages of electrocatalysis, good electroactivity, high sensitivity and providing suitable matrix for DNA immobilization. The role of various nanomaterials in biosensors with the advantages of high surface area, fast heterogeneous electron transfer, excellent biocompatibility and enhanced signal with a good selectivity are presented. The combination of these techniques is also discussed in details.