Landscape-scale drivers of mammalian species richness and functional diversity in forest patches within a mixed land-use mosaic
Landscape-scale drivers of mammalian species richness and functional diversity in forest patches within a mixed land-use mosaic
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106176
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发表时间：
2020-06
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Yvette C. Ehlers Smith;David A. Ehlers Smith;T. Ramesh;C. Downs
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yvette C. Ehlers Smith;David A. Ehlers Smith;T. Ramesh;C. Downs
我们评估了群落层面的栖息地破碎化特征（斑块大小、隔离度和相邻斑块数量）、栖息地和土地管理类型的影响，特别是对南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省南部森林和茂密灌木栖息地斑块的物种丰富度、功能性α（α）、行会和β（β）多样性的影响。我们使用了来自 157 个栖息地斑块的 245 个调查点的哺乳动物相机陷阱数据。我们将 β 多样性变化 (βtotal) 分为嵌套性 (βnestedness) 和周转 (βturnover) 部分。物种更替是物种β多样性的主导组成部分，而嵌套性是功能β多样性的主导组成部分。随着与大斑块的隔离程度的增加，食肉动物和食虫动物的多样性显着下降。斑块大小不影响物种、功能或行会多样性。我们发现，混合土地利用矩阵中嵌套的相邻斑块数量是功能和物种α多样性、食肉动物和草食动物多样性的重要驱动因素。仅破碎特征并不能解释测试的多样性模式，但栖息地和土地管理类型是所有多样性指数的重要因素。我们建议对私人拥有的森林斑块进行激励性保护，因为它们是与森林相关的哺乳动物在整个景观中移动的垫脚石。此外，我们强调栖息地质量和混合土地利用镶嵌景观中森林有效管理的重要性，以防止进一步退化。
We estimated the influence of habitat fragmentation characteristics (patch size, isolation and number of neighbouring patches), habitat and land management types at the community level, specifically, on species richness, functional- α (alpha), guild- and β (beta) diversity of forest and dense bush habitat patches in southern KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. We used mammal camera-trap data from 245 survey points across 157 habitat patches. We partitioned β diversity-change (βtotal) into its nestedness (βnestedness) and turnover (βturnover) components. Species turnover was the dominant component of species β diversity, while nestedness was the dominant component of functional β diversity. Carnivore and insectivore diversity significantly decreased with increasing isolation from large patches. Patch size did not influence species-, functional- or guild diversity. We found that the number of neighbouring patches nested within the mixed land-use matrix were important drivers of functional- and species α diversity, carnivore- and herbivore diversity.Fragmentation characteristics alone did not explain the patterns of diversity tested, but habitat and land management type were important factors for all diversity indices. We recommend incentivised protection for privately owned forest patches, as they act as stepping stones for movement of forest-associated mammals throughout the landscape. Furthermore, we emphasise the importance of habitat quality and of effective management of forest in mixed land-use mosaic landscapes to prevent further degradation.