Dietary Human Milk Oligosaccharides but Not Prebiotic Oligosaccharides Increase Circulating Natural Killer Cell and Mesenteric Lymph Node Memory T Cell Populations in Noninfected and Rotavirus-Infected Neonatal Piglets
Dietary Human Milk Oligosaccharides but Not Prebiotic Oligosaccharides Increase Circulating Natural Killer Cell and Mesenteric Lymph Node Memory T Cell Populations in Noninfected and Rotavirus-Infected Neonatal Piglets
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.116.243774
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Donovan, Sharon M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Comstock, Sarah S.;Li, Min;Donovan, Sharon M.
背景：人乳低聚糖（HMOs）具有抗菌和免疫调节作用。据以前报道，这些低聚糖有助于减少轮状病毒引起的腹泻在pigs.Objective的持续时间：我们测量了HMOs和益生元低聚糖对免疫细胞群体的影响，从非感染和轮状病毒感染的猪。方法：给去初乳的新生猪喂食配方奶粉、含4 g HMO（2 '-岩藻糖基乳糖、乳糖-N-新四糖、6'-唾液酸乳糖、3 '-唾液酸乳糖和游离唾液酸）的配方奶粉或含3.6 g短链低聚半乳糖和0.4 g长链低聚果糖/L的配方奶粉。在第10天，一半的猪感染了猪轮状病毒株OSU。感染后5 d，用流式细胞仪检测外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）、肠系膜淋巴结（MLN）和回肠派尔集合淋巴结（Peyer's patch）免疫细胞群。结果：感染猪的免疫细胞群发生了变化，感染猪的系统性自然杀伤（NK）细胞、记忆效应T细胞和主要组织相容性复合物III细胞数量显著高于未感染猪（P < 0.06）。无论感染状况如何，HMO喂养的猪具有比配方饲料喂养的猪多近两倍的PBMC NK细胞、多36%的MLN效应记忆T细胞和多5倍的PBMC嗜碱性粒细胞（P < 0.04）。这些种群在饲喂益生元的猪中处于中间水平。来自HMO喂养的未感染猪的PBMCs中产生IFN-γ的细胞数量是来自配方奶喂养的未感染猪的两倍（P = 0.017）。配方奶喂养的未感染猪的PBMC和MLN中的浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDC）是HMO喂养的未感染猪和配方奶喂养的感染猪的3倍（P < 0.04）。在MLN中，配方饲料喂养的未感染猪有更多的巨噬细胞，pDC和成熟DC（P < 0.04），但比HMO喂养的未感染猪少的未成熟DC（P = 0.022）。这些改变的免疫细胞群可能介导饮食HMO对轮状病毒感染易感性的影响。
Background: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have antimicrobial and immunomodulatory actions. It has previously been reported that these oligosaccharides contribute to the reduced duration of rotavirus-induced diarrhea in pigs.Objective: We measured the effects of HMOs and prebiotic oligosaccharides on immune cell populations from noninfected and rotavirus-infected pigs. We hypothesized that dietary HMOs would modulate systemic and gastrointestinal immunity.Methods: Colostrum-deprived newborn pigs were fed formula, formula with 4 g HMOs/L (2'-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-neotetraose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactose, and free sialic acid), or formula with 3.6 g short-chain galactooligosaccharides/L and 0.4 g long-chain fructooligosaccharides/L. On day 10, half of the pigs were infected with the porcine rotavirus strain OSU. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), mesenteric lymph node (MLN), and ileal Peyer's patch immune cell populations were assessed with the use of flow cytometry 5 d postinfection. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells were assessed with the use of Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot assay.Results: Infection changed immune cell populations with more systemic natural killer (NK) cells, memory effector T cells, and major histocompatibility complex III cells in infected than noninfected pigs (P < 0.06). Regardless of infection status, HMO-fed pigs had nearly twice as many PBMC NK cells, 36% more MLN effector memory T cells, and 5 times more PBMC basophils than formula-fed pigs (P < 0.04). These populations were intermediate in pigs fed prebiotics. PBMCs from HMO-fed noninfected pigs had twice as many IFN-gamma-producing cells as did those from formula-fed noninfected pigs (P = 0.017). The PBMCs and MLNs of formula-fed noninfected pigs had 3 times more plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) than those of HMO-fed noninfected and formula-fed infected pigs (P < 0.04). In the MLNs, the formula-fed noninfected pigs had more macrophages, pDCs, and mature DCs (P < 0.04) but fewer immature DCs than HMO-fed noninfected pigs (P = 0.022).Conclusions: Dietary HMOs were more effective than prebiotics in altering systemic and gastrointestinal immune cells in pigs. These altered immune cell populations may mediate the effects of dietary HMOs on rotavirus infection susceptibility.