Possible solubilization of various mineral elements in the rhizosphere of Lupinus albus L.
Possible solubilization of various mineral elements in the rhizosphere of Lupinus albus L.
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可能溶解白羽扇豆根际中的各种矿物元素。
DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2021.1980355
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Watanabe Toshihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takao Atsuhide;Wasaki Jun;Fujimoto Hisae;Maruyama Hayato;Shinano Takuro;Watanabe Toshihiro
白羽扇豆（羽扇豆）对缺磷条件具有很高的耐受性，因为它的根可以溶解根际土壤中的无效磷。根也可能能够溶解其他元素，但这需要进一步研究。因此，在本研究中，我们进行了两个实验，以全面探讨羽扇豆根对根际土壤的矿物动态的影响。首先进行了羽扇豆与大豆（Glycine max（L.）梅尔）在长期试验田中，采用四种肥料处理：完全施肥（+NPK）、无氮（−N）、无磷（−P）和无钾（−K）。单独栽培的植株地上部干重结果表明，羽扇豆对所有N、P和K缺乏都具有高度耐受性，而大豆可以在根瘤菌的帮助下适应N缺乏，但对P和K缺乏的耐受性不如羽扇豆。当与羽扇豆混种时，大豆叶片中许多元素的浓度增加，特别是在−N和−P处理中。此外，在−N和−P处理中种植羽扇豆时，大豆生长得到显着改善。第二，比较元素配置文件的水培和外地土壤生长的植物进行。在水培条件下，当培养基循环良好时，根际效应可以忽略不计。羽扇豆/大豆叶片矿物质浓度的比例是相当大的，在该领域栽培植物相比，元素，如钠，钾，铯，磷，铁，铜，钼的水培，因为有较低的浓度，这些元素在大豆叶片在该领域。这些结果表明，羽扇豆根系能够增溶土壤中的多种难溶性元素，这可能是羽扇豆能够适应各种养分缺乏土壤的原因。在羽扇豆根际，铯的溶解，这是一般强烈固定的土壤矿物质，不容易浸出，是特别明显的。这意味着羽扇豆根际粘土矿物的表面结构可能会发生变化，导致各种元素的固定形式变得可用。
Lupinus albusL. (lupin) has a high tolerance for phosphorus deficient conditions as its roots can solubilize the unavailable phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil. The roots may also be able to solubilize other elements, but this requires further investigation. In this study, therefore, we conducted two experiments to comprehensively investigate the effects of lupin roots on the mineral dynamics of the rhizosphere soil. First, a mixed cropping experiment was conducted, in which lupin shared a rhizosphere with soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.) in a long-term experimental field with four fertilizer treatments: complete fertilization (+NPK), without nitrogen (−N), without phosphorus (−P), and without potassium (−K). The results of shoot dry weight of plants cultivated alone indicated that lupin is highly tolerant to all N, P, and K deficiencies, while soybean can adapt to N deficiency with the help of rhizobia but is less tolerant to P and K deficiencies than lupin. When mixed-cropped with lupin, the concentrations of many elements in the soybean leaf increased, particularly with the −N and −P treatments. Furthermore, soybean growth was significantly improved when cropped with lupin in the −N and −P treatments. Second, a comparison of the elemental profiles of hydroponically and field-soil-grown plants was conducted. Under hydroponic conditions, the rhizosphere effect is negligible when the culture medium is well circulated. The lupin/soybean ratios for leaf mineral concentrations were considerably larger in the field cultivated plants when compared with the hydroponic cultivations for elements such as sodium, potassium, cesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, and molybdenum, as there were lower concentrations of these elements in the soybean leaves in the field. These results indicate that lupin roots can solubilize a variety of insoluble elements in the soil, which may be the reason why lupin can adapt to various nutrient deficient soils. In the lupin rhizosphere, the solubilization of cesium, which is generally strongly fixed by soil minerals and not easily leached, was particularly pronounced. This implies that the surface structure of clay minerals might be altered in the lupin rhizosphere, resulting in the fixed forms of various elements becoming available.