Stress Changes the Resting-State Cortical Flow of Information from Distributed to Frontally Directed Patterns
Stress Changes the Resting-State Cortical Flow of Information from Distributed to Frontally Directed Patterns
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DOI：
10.3390/biology9080236
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Keshmiri, Soheil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keshmiri, Soheil
尽管有大量证据表明大规模分布式大脑网络参与应对压力，但压力对这些网络组成部分的影响尚不清楚。尽管一些研究发现应对压力的区域活动较高，但其他研究在相似区域观察到相反的效果。基于这些成分的同步活动和共激活的研究也产生了类似的不同结果。然而，一旦我们观察压力对这些功能网络的影响，即其组成部分信息处理能力的变化，这些差异并不一定是矛盾的。在本研究中，我们通过量化分布皮质区域之间的信息流来研究这种转变在分析压力对分布皮质区域的影响中的效用。为此，我们使用了 216 名个人对压力相关问卷的自我评估回答，并系统地选择了其中 20 名其回答显示出对压力的敏感性显着较高和较低的人。然后，我们使用这 20 个人的静息态多通道脑电图 (EEG) 记录（闭眼 (EC) 和睁眼 (EO) 设置），并使用传递熵 (TE) 计算其皮质区域之间的分布式信息流。本研究的贡献有三方面。首先，它确定压力敏感性的特征是额顶叶脑网络信息流的变化。其次，它表明这些区域分布在双半球上，足以显着区分具有高压力敏感性和低压力敏感性的个体。第三，它证实了高压力敏感性与较高的顶叶到额叶的信息流显着相关。这些结果为大脑对信息的调制不一定伴随其区域活动的变化的观点提供了进一步的证据。他们进一步将压力的影响解释为扰乱大脑分布的皮质区域之间的信息流。这些观察反过来表明，先前发现的一些差异可能反映了响应压力的分布式大脑信息处理受损的不同方面。从更广泛的角度来看，这些结果表明使用 TE 作为一种潜在的诊断/预后工具来识别压力对参与压力反应的分布式大脑网络的影响。
Despite converging evidence on the involvement of large-scale distributed brain networks in response to stress, the effect of stress on the components of these networks is less clear. Although some studies identify higher regional activities in response to stress, others observe an opposite effect in the similar regions. Studies based on synchronized activities and coactivation of these components also yield similar differing results. However, these differences are not necessarily contradictory once we observe the effect of stress on these functional networks in terms of the change in information processing capacity of their components. In the present study, we investigate the utility of such a shift in the analysis of the effect of stress on distributed cortical regions through quantification of the flow of information among them. For this purpose, we use the self-assessed responses of 216 individuals to stress-related questionnaires and systematically select 20 of them whose responses showed significantly higher and lower susceptibility to stress. We then use these 20 individuals' resting-state multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) recordings (both Eyes-Closed (EC) and Eyes-Open (EO) settings) and compute the distributed flow of information among their cortical regions using transfer entropy (TE). The contribution of the present study is three-fold. First, it identifies that the stress-susceptibility is characterized by the change in flow of information in fronto-parietal brain network. Second, it shows that these regions are distributed bi-hemispherically and are sufficient to significantly differentiate between the individuals with high versus low stress-susceptibility. Third, it verifies that the high stress-susceptibility is markedly associated with a higher parietal-to-frontal flow of information. These results provide further evidence for the viewpoint in which the brain's modulation of information is not necessarily accompanied by the change in its regional activity. They further construe the effect of stress in terms of a disturbance that disrupts the flow of information among the brain's distributed cortical regions. These observations, in turn, suggest that some of the differences in the previous findings perhaps reflect different aspects of impaired distributed brain information processing in response to stress. From a broader perspective, these results posit the use of TE as a potential diagnostic/prognostic tool in identification of the effect of stress on distributed brain networks that are involved in stress-response.