Belief bias and figural bias in syllogistic reasoning
Belief bias and figural bias in syllogistic reasoning
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/02724980343000440
复制
发表时间：
2004-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Handley, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morley, NJ;Evans, JST;Handley, SJ
信念偏差是指在试图解决三段论推理问题时受到结论可信度影响的倾向。数字偏差是指在试图解决三段论推理问题时，信息在前提中呈现的顺序受到影响的趋势。当同时研究时，他们可以调查参与者在三段论推理任务中的推理是由结论（逆向推理）还是前提（正向推理）指导的。实验1和实验2在三段论评价任务范式中发现了信念偏倚的证据，但没有发现图形偏倚的证据。实验3和实验4在三段论生产任务范式中发现了图形偏倚的证据，但没有发现信念偏倚的证据。研究结果强调，不同的任务特征对表现的影响取决于任务呈现的性质。这些发现是在当前三段论推理中信念偏差理论的背景下讨论的。
Belief bias is the tendency to be influenced by the believability of the conclusion when attempting to solve a syllogistic reasoning problem. Figural bias is the tendency to be influenced by the order in which the information is presented in the premises when attempting to solve a syllogistic reasoning problem. When studied simultaneously they enable an investigation of whether participants' reasoning on the syllogistic reasoning task is guided by the conclusion (backward reasoning) or the premises (forward reasoning). Experiments 1 and 2 found evidence of belief bias but not figural bias on the syllogistic evaluation task paradigm. Experiments 3 and 4 found evidence of figural bias but not belief bias on the syllogistic production task paradigm. The findings highlight that different task characteristics influence performance dependent upon the nature of task presentation. These findings are discussed in the context of current theories of belief bias in syllogistic reasoning.