Leaf energy balance modelling as a tool to infer habitat preference in the early angiosperms.
Leaf energy balance modelling as a tool to infer habitat preference in the early angiosperms.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2014.3052
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发表时间：
2015-03-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lomax BH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee AP;Upchurch G Jr;Murchie EH;Lomax BH
尽管经过了世纪的研究，最早期被子植物的栖息地偏好和生态学的一些关键方面仍然缺乏约束。建议的生长生态从机会主义的杂草物种生长在充分的阳光下，生长缓慢的物种仅限于裸子植物森林的阴影下层。有证据表明，最早期的被子植物具有低蒸腾速率：现存基部被子植物的气体交换速率很低，已知最古老的被子植物叶化石的重建气体交换速率也很低。低蒸腾能力的叶子在充足的阳光下容易过热，这支持了早期被子植物仅限于阴暗的下层植物的假设。在这里，模拟叶温度被用来检查一些最早的被子植物的耐热性。我们的研究结果表明，小叶片大小可以缓解许多早期被子植物的低蒸腾冷却能力，使许多物种在充分的阳光下生存。我们建议，在被子植物叶记录的最早阶段，被子植物可能并不局限于下层，一些物种能够与蕨类植物和裸子植物在阴凉和阳光的栖息地，特别是在没有竞争的情况下，从更快速增长和蒸腾先进的被子植物谱系。
Despite more than a century of research, some key aspects of habitat preference and ecology of the earliest angiosperms remain poorly constrained. Proposed growth ecology has varied from opportunistic weedy species growing in full sun to slow-growing species limited to the shaded understorey of gymnosperm forests. Evidence suggests that the earliest angiosperms possessed low transpiration rates: gas exchange rates for extant basal angiosperms are low, as are the reconstructed gas exchange rates for the oldest known angiosperm leaf fossils. Leaves with low transpirational capacity are vulnerable to overheating in full sun, favouring the hypothesis that early angiosperms were limited to the shaded understorey. Here, modelled leaf temperatures are used to examine the thermal tolerance of some of the earliest angiosperms. Our results indicate that small leaf size could have mitigated the low transpirational cooling capacity of many early angiosperms, enabling many species to survive in full sun. We propose that during the earliest phases of the angiosperm leaf record, angiosperms may not have been limited to the understorey, and that some species were able to compete with ferns and gymnosperms in both shaded and sunny habitats, especially in the absence of competition from more rapidly growing and transpiring advanced lineages of angiosperms.
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