Active Flow Control (AFC) and Insect Accretion and Mitigation (IAM) System Design and Integration on the Boeing 757 ecoDemonstrator
Active Flow Control (AFC) and Insect Accretion and Mitigation (IAM) System Design and Integration on the Boeing 757 ecoDemonstrator
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波音 757 ecoDemonstrator 上的主动流量控制 (AFC) 和昆虫增生与缓解 (IAM) 系统设计与集成
DOI：
10.2514/6.2016-3746
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
David M. Raines
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael G. Alexander;F. K. Harris;Marcella Spoor;S. Boyland;T. Farrell;David M. Raines
本文介绍了波音和 NASA 团队如何在波音 757 ecoDemonstrator 上设计、分析、制造和集成主动流量控制 (AFC) 技术和昆虫积聚缓解 (IAM) 系统的系统概述。 NASA 环境责任航空 (ERA) 项目与波音公司合作，于 2015 年春季在专门配备的波音 757 ecoDemonstrator 上演示了这两种技术系统。AFC 系统展示了高度偏转方向舵上的气流分离衰减，并增加了产生的侧向力。该AFC系统可以使较小的垂直尾翼能够在起飞期间发动机发生故障时提供所需的控制权，同时在飞行包线的其余部分仍以传统方式操作。 AFC 系统包括从辅助动力装置 (APU) 获取空气的管道、调节系统质量流量的控制阀、降低 APU 空气温度的热交换器，以及将空气输送到位于垂直尾翼的 AFC 执行器的附加管道。 IAM 系统演示了如何减轻机翼前缘上昆虫残留物的粘附。像前缘上的昆虫残留物这样小的东西可能会导致扰乱层流的湍流楔，导致阻力和燃料消耗增加。 IAM 系统由 NASA 开发的工程表面 (ES) 组成，该表面是薄铝板基板，外部涂有涂层。这些 ES 安装在 757 ecoDemonstrator 右翼的 8 号和 9 号缝翼上。它们的设计目的是支持在一个轮班时间内拆卸和安装面板。每个板条可容纳 4 个面板。 AFC 和 IAM 飞行测试都是多年发展的结晶，为现代飞机设计的进步提供了宝贵的数据。
This paper presents a systems overview of how the Boeing and NASA team designed, analyzed, fabricated, and integrated the Active Flow Control (AFC) technology and Insect Accretion Mitigation (IAM) systems on the Boeing 757 ecoDemonstrator. The NASA Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) project partnered with Boeing to demonstrate these two technology systems on a specially outfitted Boeing 757 ecoDemonstrator during the spring of 2015. The AFC system demonstrated attenuation of flow separation on a highly deflected rudder and increased the side force generated. This AFC system may enable a smaller vertical tail to provide the control authority needed in the event of an engine failure during takeoff while still operating in a conventional manner over the rest of the flight envelope. The AFC system consisted of ducting to obtain air from the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU), a control valve to modulate the system mass flow, a heat exchanger to lower the APU air temperature, and additional ducting to deliver the air to the AFC actuators located on the vertical tail. The IAM system demonstrated how to mitigate insect residue adhesion on a wing's leading edge. Something as small as insect residue on a leading edge can cause turbulent wedges that interrupt laminar flow, resulting in an increase in drag and fuel use. The IAM system consisted of NASA developed Engineered Surfaces (ES) which were thin aluminum sheet substrate panels with coatings applied to the exterior. These ES were installed on slats 8 and 9 on the right wing of the 757 ecoDemonstrator. They were designed to support panel removal and installation in one crew shift. Each slat accommodated 4 panels. Both the AFC and IAM flight test were the culmination of several years of development and produced valuable data for the advancement of modern aircraft designs.