Reengineering India: Work, Capital, and Class in an Offshore Economy by Carol Upadhya
Reengineering India: Work, Capital, and Class in an Offshore Economy by Carol Upadhya
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《再造印度：离岸经济中的工作、资本和阶层》作者：Carol Upadhya
DOI：
10.1007/s41027-019-00160-1
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发表时间：
2019
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通讯作者：
Lars Olav Aaberg
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作者：
Lars Olav Aaberg
在卡罗尔Upadhya的再造印度：工作，资本，并在离岸经济类，我们提出了一个人类学调查的意义，劳动力在信息技术（IT）行业。这本专著是基于18个月的实地考察，主要是在印度的班加罗尔进行的，但也包括荷兰和德国的IT工作和工人的人种学数据和分析。这本书分析了IT行业工作者的主体性是如何被一个被认为是后自由化经济标志的行业所塑造的，这个行业为来自不同社会地点的印度青年提供了希望和社会流动性。虽然印度的IT行业主要与社会流动性有关，这有望使经济上被剥夺的阶层摆脱阶级和种姓的障碍，但Upadhya详细介绍了IT行业是如何复制而不是颠覆其许多参与者的不平等的网站。本书连同引言和结语共分为六章。在第一章和第二章中，作者描述了印度IT产业的历史，以及它是如何创造劳动力的。IT行业拥有巨大的道德资本，尤其是通过与印度政府的比较，以印度更民主、更透明为理由宣称自己具有优势。作者首先通过分析不同的IT公司如何招聘候选人来开始对这种说法进行批评。招聘通常在学生获得学士学位之前就开始了，因为公司会去大学校园面试学生，并向他们提供临时就业合同。除了技术技能，学生还面临两种评估方式：他们的成绩和他们的文化适应性。Upadhya认为，由于招聘过程中高度主观的因素，招聘过程往往来自印度高等教育中相对特权的人。对分数的关注往往会使那些没有通过考试被录取的学生获得特权。
In Carol Upadhya’s Reengineering India: Work, Capital, and Class in an Offshore Economy, we are presented with an anthropological investigation into the meaning of labour in the information technologies (IT) industry. The monograph is based on fieldwork conducted over a period of 18 months based mostly in Bengaluru, India, but also includes ethnographic data and analysis of IT work and workers in the Netherlands and Germany. The book provides an analysis of how subjectivities of those working in IT are shaped by an industry considered the hallmark of a postliberalization economy and one that offers hope and social mobility for India’s youth from various social locations. While the IT industry in India is mostly associated with social mobility that promises to unshackle economically deprived segments from classand caste-based barriers, Upadhya presents a detailed account of how the IT industry is a site wherein inequality is reproduced rather than subverted for many of its actors. The book is divided into six chapters together with the introduction and conclusion. In chapters one and two, the author delineates the histories of how the IT industry came into being in India and how it creates its workforce. The IT industry has wielded vast moral capital not least through its own comparisons to the Indian state, claiming superiority on the grounds that it is more democratic and transparent. The author begins to take this claim to task, first by analysing how different IT firms recruit candidates. Recruitment often begins before students pass out of their bachelor’s degrees, as companies go to university campuses, interview students and offer them tentative employment contracts. Beyond technical skills, students face two means of evaluation: their grades and their cultural ‘fit’. Upadhya argues that the recruitment process tends to draw from the relatively privileged within India’s higher education due to this highly subjective element of the recruitment process. The focus on grades tend to privilege students who were not admitted through