The impact of different fertiliser management options and cultivars on nitrogen use efficiency and yield for rice cropping in the Indo-Gangetic Plain: Two seasons of methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/j.agee.2023.108593

发表时间：

2023

期刊：

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

A. Bhatia;N. Cowan;J. Drewer;R. Tomer;Vinod Kumar;Shikha Sharma;Ankita Paul;N. Jain;Surinder Kumar;Girish Nath Jha;M. S. Singh;R. Prasanna;Balasubramanium Ramakrishnan;S. Bandyopadhyay;D. Kumar;M. Sutton;H. Pathak

这项研究提供了印度新德里ICAR-印度农业研究所实验农场两年水稻生产的详细作物和气体通量数据。在对4个水稻品种(CRD310、IR-、MTU1010、P-44)的4种氮肥水平进行比较后，我们进一步证明了该地区水稻生产的环境成本。研究表明，在特定条件下，水稻品种对籽粒产量和总生物量都有影响，其中CRD 310的总生物量氮素利用效率(NUE)始终高于其他供试品种，但不一定具有最高的籽粒产量，在本试验中为P-44。虽然水稻的氮素利用效率因试验处理的不同而不同(从41%到73%不等)，但这并没有直接转化为减少氨(NH3)和一氧化二氮(N2O)的排放。不同水稻品种之间的排放量相对相似，而不考虑氮肥利用率。相反，减少总氮素损失的农艺措施与较高的产量有关。在化肥应用方面，突出的影响是由于在稻田中添加农家肥(FYM)而产生了非常高的甲烷(CH4)排放，这对全球变暖潜力的总体影响占主导地位。虽然硝化作用和尿素酶抑制物质的使用总体上减少了N2O的排放，但NH3的排放相对不受影响(或略高)。总体而言，温室气体(GHG)排放量的最大减少来自于减少添加到田间的灌溉用水量，导致N2O增加，但CH4排放显著减少，与连续淹水相比，减少了净温室气体排放。总体而言，在产量和NUE方面，遗传差异比农艺管理(不包括对照)产生的差异更大，而在气态损失方面，农艺管理产生的差异比遗传更大。这项研究表明，在试图减少水稻生产造成的污染和全球变暖潜力时，需要采用一种混合的方法，需要考虑潜在的污染交换和协同效应。找到水稻品种、灌溉技术和化肥类型的适当平衡可以显著减少排放，但如果找错了，可能会导致产量大幅下降和更高的污染。

This study presents detailed crop and gas flux data from two years of rice production at the experimental farm of the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. In comparing 4 nitrogen (N) fertiliser regimes across 4 rice cultivars (CRD 310, IR-64, MTU 1010, P-44), we have added to growing evidence of the environmental costs of rice production in the region. The study shows that rice cultivar can impact yields of both grain, and total biomass produced in given circumstances, with the CRD 310 cultivar showing consistently high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for total biomass compared with other tested varieties, but not necessarily with the highest grain yield, which was P-44 in this experiment. While NUE of the rice did vary depending on experimental treatments (ranging from 41% to 73%), 73%), this did not translate directly into the reduction of emissions of ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Emissions were relatively similar across the different rice cultivars regardless of NUE. Conversely, agronomic practices that reduced total N losses were associated with higher yield. In terms of fertiliser application, the outstanding impact was of the very high methane (CH4) emissions as a result of incorporating farmyard manure (FYM) into rice paddies, which dominated the overall effect on global warming potential. While the use of nitrification and urease inhibiting substances decreased N2O emissions overall, NH3emissions were relatively unaffected (or slightly higher). Overall, the greatest reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions came from reducing irrigation water added to the fields, resulting in higher N2O, but significantly less CH4emissions, reducing net GHG emission compared with continuous flooding. Overall, genetic differences generated more variation in yield and NUE than agronomic management (excluding controls), whereas agronomy generated larger differences than genetics concerning gaseous losses. This study suggests that a mixed approach needs to be applied when attempting to reduce pollution and global warming potential from rice production and potential pollution swapping and synergies need to be considered. Finding the right balance of rice cultivar, irrigation technique and fertiliser type could significantly reduce emissions, while getting it wrong can result in considerably poorer yields and higher pollution.

The impact of different fertiliser management options and cultivars on nitrogen use efficiency and yield for rice cropping in the Indo-Gangetic Plain: Two seasons of methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions

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