Early-life stress restricts the capacity of adult progenitor cells to differentiate into neurons.
Early-life stress restricts the capacity of adult progenitor cells to differentiate into neurons.
复制标题
生命早期的压力限制了成年祖细胞分化为神经元的能力。
DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.11.008
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Kaffman,Arie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaffman,Arie
儿童期遭受虐待或忽视与成年期海马功能异常有关。早期逆境改变成年期人类海马功能的分子机制目前尚不清楚。然而，啮齿动物和非人灵长类动物的类似发现表明，动物模型可能为这一问题提供重要见解(1)。在动物模型中研究海马组织的主要挑战之一是海马的细胞异质性，其中不同的细胞类型（如干细胞、锥体细胞、颗粒细胞、中间神经元、星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞）对应激的反应不同，但它们紧密堆积并相互作用。我们面临的挑战是，如何在一个同质细胞群体中收集和研究早期生活压力的影响，以一种再现完整海马体中细胞反应的方式。在这一期的《生物精神病学》中，Boku等人(2)使用体外系统表明，生命早期暴露于压力会限制成年祖细胞分化为神经元的能力。这是研究早期逆境影响的重要的第一步，使用从海马体中收获的同质细胞群，它展示了这种简化方法的优点和缺陷。
Exposure to childhood abuse or neglect is associated with abnormal hippocampal function in adulthood. The molecular mechanisms by which early adversity modifies hippocampal function in adulthood are currently poorly understood in humans. However, similar findings in rodents and nonhuman primates suggest that animal models may provide important insights into this issue (1). One of the main challenges of studying hippocampal tissue in animal models has been the cellular heterogeneity of the hippocampus, where different cell types (eg, stem cells, pyramidal cells, granule cells, interneurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) respond differently to stress, yet they are closely packed and interact with one another. The challenge has been to figure out how to harvest and study the effects of early-life stress in a homogeneous cell population in a manner that recapitulates the cellular response in the intact hippocampus. In this issue of Biological Psychiatry, Boku et al.(2) used an in vitro system to show that exposure to stress early in life restricts the capacity of adult progenitor cells to differentiate into neurons. This is an important first step in studying the effects of early adversity using a homogeneous cell population harvested from the hippocampus, and it demonstrates the advantages and the pitfalls of this reductionistic approach.