Evidence for speciational change in the evolution of ratites (Aves: Palaeognathae)
Evidence for speciational change in the evolution of ratites (Aves: Palaeognathae)
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00222.x
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Cubo, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cubo, J
为了进行比较分析的字符协会框架内的系统发育背景下（如独立的对比），字符进化的模型必须假设。根据系统渐变论，形态变化在谱系内随着时间的推移逐渐积累，物种形成事件没有主要作用。在形态模型下，形态变化被假定发生在两个子代物种的分支发生过程中或之后，并且所产生的形态在很长一段时间内（停滞期）不会改变，直到下一个分支发生事件。提出了一种新的方法比较这些模型的字符进化，使用置换多重系统发育回归。除了分歧时间，以及佐证的系统发育树和利用本文开发的方法，允许估计相对频率的渐变和物种的变化，从生物体。该方法适用于平胸类的数据集的结论是，一系列的形态特征，变化往往已经形成，而不是渐进的。(C)2003年，伦敦林奈学会。
To perform a comparative analysis of character associations framed in a phylogenetic context (e.g. independent contrasts), a model of character evolution must be assumed. According to phyletic gradualism, morphological change accumulates gradually over time within lineages, and speciation events do not have a major role. Under speciational models, morphological change is assumed to occur during or just after cladogenesis in both daughter species, and the resulting morphologies do not change over long periods of time (stasis), until the next cladogenetic event. A novel method is presented for comparing these models of character evolution that uses permutational multiple phylogenetic regressions. The addition of divergence times to well-corroborated phylogenetic trees and the utilization of the method developed in this paper allows the estimation of relative frequency of gradual change and speciational change from living organisms. This method is applied to a dataset from ratites with the conclusion that, for a range of morphological features, change tends to have been speciational rather than gradual. (C) 2003 The Linnean Society of London.