Salience Network Connectivity and Social Processing in Children With Nonverbal Learning Disability or Autism Spectrum Disorder
Salience Network Connectivity and Social Processing in Children With Nonverbal Learning Disability or Autism Spectrum Disorder
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DOI：
10.1037/neu0000494
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Marsh, Rachel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Margolis, Amy E.;Pagliaccio, David;Marsh, Rachel
目标：非言语学习障碍（Nonverbal learning disability，N'VLD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是空间处理缺陷和社交缺陷，与自闭症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）相似。尽管如此。NVLD可能是一种不同的疾病，与支持社会处理的显著性（SN）和默认模式（DMN）网络的功能和连接性有差异。因此。我们试图评估和比较NVLD儿童、ASD儿童和正常发育儿童的这些网络之间的连接。方法：在17名NVLD儿童，17名自闭症脑成像数据交换（ABIDE）中选择的ASD儿童和40名TD儿童（20名来自ABIDE）中检查静息状态fMRI数据。比较各组的平均DMN和SN功能连接和成对区域间连接。评估了与社交障碍和智商的关系。结果如下：与其他组相比，患有NVI，D的儿童显示SN区域之间的连接性降低（前扣带回到前扣带回和喙前额叶皮质（rPFC）），而患有ASD的儿童显示SN区域之间的连接性更强（边缘上回到rPFC）。两个临床组均显示出较高水平的父母报告的社会问题，这与NVLD组中SN连接的改变有关。在网络内部或网络之间的总体平均连通性方面没有发现任何差异。结论：NVLD和ASD儿童常见的社会缺陷可能来自SN内连接的不同改变。这些发现代表了确定NVLD神经生物学特征的第一步。
Objective: Nonverbal learning disability (N'VLD) is a putative neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by spatial processing deficits as well as social deficits similar to those characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nonetheless. NVLD may be a distinct disorder that is differentially associated with the functioning and connectivity of the salience (SN) and default mode (DMN) networks that support social processing. Thus. we sought to assess and compare connectivity across these networks in children with NVLD, ASD, and typically developing children. Method: Resting-state fMRI data were examined in 17 children with NVLD, 17 children with ASD selected from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE), and 40 TD children (20 from ABIDE). Average DMN and SN functional connectivity and pairwise region-to-region connectivity were compared across groups. Associations with social impairment and IQ were assessed. Results: Children with NVI,D showed reduced connectivity between SN regions (anterior insula to anterior cingulate and to rostral prefrontal cortex (rPFC]), whereas children with ASD showed greater connectivity between SN regions (supramarginal gyrus to rPFC) relative to the other groups. Both clinical groups showed higher levels of parent-reported social problems, which related to altered SN connectivity in the NVLD group. No differences were detected in overall average connectivity within or between networks. Conclusions: The social deficits common across children with NVLD and ASD may derive from distinct alterations in connectivity within the SN. Such findings represent the first step toward identifying a neurobiological signature of NVLD.