ROLE OF SCHWANN CELLS IN DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERIPHERAL NERVES - AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY
ROLE OF SCHWANN CELLS IN DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERIPHERAL NERVES - AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5320(65)80053-3
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发表时间：
1965-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
CRAVIOTO, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CRAVIOTO, H
对4例胎龄分别为12、14、16、22周的胎儿坐骨神经和臂丛雪旺细胞进行了电子显微镜观察。这些细胞的发育分为四个阶段：(A)假合胞，(B)迁移，(C)细胞分裂和轴突分离，(D)髓鞘形成。在人类周围神经发育的所有阶段，雪旺细胞似乎具有将轴突与周围结缔组织成分隔离的形态和生理功能。在发育的中期阶段，雪旺细胞的主要功能似乎是将轴突束分离成越来越小的束，直到一个单独的轴突最终从轴突束中分离出来。这是通过雪旺细胞的持续分裂实现的。轴突分离完成后，雪旺细胞的功能是髓鞘形成(14-16周)。所有轴突，无论是孤立的还是成束的，都有一个完整的或几乎完全的雪旺细胞质的包膜。在发育的所有阶段，基底膜将雪旺细胞轴突复合体与周围的间充质组织隔开。提示雪旺细胞胞质突起的持续形成和分裂可能至少部分取决于这些细胞与逐渐增大的轴突的密切接触。
The Schwann cells of the sciatic nerve and brachial plexuses of 4 human fetuses aged 12, 14, 16, and 22 weeks of intrauterine life, were studied with the electron microscope. Four stages were recognized in the development of these cells: (a) pseudosyncytial, (b) migration, (c) division of cells and separation of axons, and (d) myelination. During all stages of development of human peripheral nerves, Schwann cells seem to have, as a morphological and perhaps physiological function, the isolation of axons from the surrounding connective tissue elements. During the intermediate stages of development, the main function of Schwann cells appears to be the separation of the axon bundles into smaller and smaller bundles, until one single axon has been finally separated from a bundle. This is accomplished by the continued division of the Schwann cells. After axon isolation has been accomplished, the function of the Schwann cells is myelination (14-16 weeks). All axons, either isolated or in bundles, had a complete or almost complete envelope of Schwann cell cytoplasm. At all stages of development a basement membrane separated the Schwann cell axon complexes from the surrounding mesenchymal tissues. It was suggested that the continual formation of cytoplasmic processes and division of the Schwann cells may be determined, at least in part, by the intimate contact of these cells with progressively enlarging axons.