Multi-band transit observations of the TrES-2b exoplanet

Multi-band transit observations of the TrES-2b exoplanet
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TrES-2b 系外行星的多波段凌日观测

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/200912910
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
K. Reif
K. Reif
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
D. Mislis;S. Schröter;J. H. M. M. Schmitt. O. Cordes;K. Reif

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本文介绍了2009年春季对TrES-2b系外行星凌日观测的新数据集,使用汉堡天文台的1.2米奥斯卡-莱尔<e:2>宁望远镜(OLT)和卡拉阿尔托天文台的2.2米望远镜,使用BUSCA(波恩大学同步照相机)。新的OLT数据(与我们2008年的数据采用相同的仪器设置)和同时记录的多色BUSCA数据都证实了之前报告的低倾角值,实际上表明TrES-2b系外行星已经超过了第一次倾角阈值,不再覆盖整个恒星表面。利用多波段的BUSCA数据,我们证明了多色光曲线可以与给定的一组边缘暗化系数一致地拟合,而无需调整这些系数,并且我们可以进一步证明波长相关的恒星半径变化必须像理论所期望的那样小。我们的新观测结果为之前报道的凌日系外行星TrES-2b的轨道倾角变化提供了进一步的证据。我们详细研究了这种倾向变化的可能原因,并认为观察到的变化应该被解释为节点回归。虽然扁圆主星的假设需要一个大得不合理的二次谐波系数,但以另一颗行星形式存在的第三个天体将为观测到的长期轨道变化提供一个非常自然的解释。鉴于缺乏明确观察到的凌日时间的短期变化和我们观察到的长期节点回归率,我们预测一个假定的木星质量的扰动行星的周期大约在50到100天之间。这样的天体应该可以用现在的视向速度(RV)技术探测到,但会通过凌日时间的变化而逃脱探测。
We present a new data set of transit observations of the TrES-2b exoplanet taken in spring 2009, using the 1.2 m Oskar-Lühning telescope (OLT) of Hamburg Observatory and the 2.2 m telescope at Calar Alto Observatory using BUSCA (Bonn University Simultaneous CAmera). Both the new OLT data, taken with the same instrumental setup as our data taken in 2008, as well as the simultaneously recorded multicolor BUSCA data confirm the low inclination values reported previously, and in fact suggest that the TrES-2b exoplanet has already passed the first inclination thresholdand is not eclipsing the full stellar surface any longer. Using the multi-band BUSCA data we demonstrate that the multicolor light curves can be consistently fitted with a given set of limb darkening coefficients without the need to adjust these coefficients, and further, we can demonstrate that wavelength dependent stellar radius changes must be small as expected from theory. Our new observations provide further evidence for a change of the orbit inclination of the transiting extrasolar planet TrES-2b reported previously. We examine in detail possible causes for this inclination change and argue that the observed change should be interpreted as nodal regression. While the assumption of an oblate host star requires an unreasonably large second harmonic coefficient, the existence of a third body in the form of an additional planet would provide a very natural explanation for the observed secular orbit change. Given the lack of clearly observed short-term variations of transit timing and our observed secular nodal regression rate, we predict a period between approximately 50 and 100 days for a putative perturbing planet of Jovian mass. Such an object should be detectable with present-day radial velocity (RV) techniques, but would escape detection through transit timing variations.
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DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200811424
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