Biology of bone and how it orchestrates the form and function of the skeleton
Biology of bone and how it orchestrates the form and function of the skeleton
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DOI：
10.1007/s005860100283
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Rubin, CT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sommerfeldt, DW;Rubin, CT
骨骼的主要作用是为身体提供结构支撑。虽然骨骼也是身体的矿物质储存库，但矿化结构是姿势的基础，对抗运动引起的肌肉收缩，承受功能负荷，并保护内脏。虽然骨骼的质量和形态在某种程度上是由遗传决定因素决定的，但正是组织的重塑能力--骨的局部吸收和形成--在相互竞争的责任之间实现了这种复杂的平衡。本综述的目的是解决骨的形式与功能的关系，开始在肌肉骨骼学科的广泛研究，并专注于最近的几个细胞和分子的发现，有助于了解骨细胞，生长因子，物理刺激，代谢需求和结构的责任复杂的相互依赖关系。考虑到临床和面向脊柱的观众，骨细胞和分子生物学和生理学的原则，并试图将流行病学数据和治疗的影响。骨研究本质上仍然是跨学科的，对骨生物学的更深入理解将最终导致骨本身疾病和损伤治疗的进步。
The principal role of the skeleton is to provide structural support for the body. While the skeleton also serves as the body's mineral reservoir, the mineralized structure is the very basis of posture, opposes muscular contraction resulting in motion, withstands functional load bearing, and protects internal organs. Although the mass and morphology of the skeleton is defined, to some extent, by genetic determinants, it is the tissue's ability to remodel - the local resorption and formation of bone - which is responsible for achieving this intricate balance between competing responsibilities. The aim of this review is to address bone's form-function relationship, beginning with extensive research in the musculoskeletal disciplines, and focusing on several recent cellular and molecular discoveries which help understand the complex interdependence of bone cells, growth factors, physical stimuli, metabolic demands, and structural responsibilities. With a clinical and spine-oriented audience in mind, the principles of bone cell and molecular biology and physiology are presented, and an attempt has been made to incorporate epidemiologic data and therapeutic implications. Bone research remains interdisciplinary by nature, and a deeper understanding of bone biology will ultimately lead to advances in the treatment of diseases and injuries to bone itself.