Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss.
Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss.
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新兴的病毒基因型的毒力升高是蜜蜂丧失的驱动力。
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2016.0811
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发表时间：
2016-06-29
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Paxton RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McMahon DP;Natsopoulou ME;Doublet V;Fürst M;Weging S;Brown MJ;Gogol-Döring A;Paxton RJ
新出现的传染病对当前的生物多样性危机起到了重大作用，导致了广泛的流行病和人口损失。由于病原体毒力的遗传变异，物种衰退的完整理解需要准确识别和表征EID。我们探讨这个问题在西方蜜蜂，在北方半球的人口死亡率增加，引起了重大关注。具体来说，我们调查的重要性，遗传身份的主要嫌疑人死亡率，变形翅病毒（DWV），在驾驶蜜蜂损失。使用实验室实验和系统的实地调查，我们表明，一个新兴的DWV基因型（DWV-B）比建立DWV基因型（DWV-A）更毒力，并在景观中广泛存在。此外，我们在一个简单的模型中显示，感染DWV-B的菌落比感染DWV-A的菌落更快地崩溃。我们还通过揭示体内广泛的全基因组重组来确定DWV快速进化的潜力。DWV-B在幼稚蜜蜂种群中的出现，包括通过与DWV-A重组，可能具有重要的生态和经济意义。我们的研究结果强调，病原体遗传特性和多样性的知识对于理解物种衰退的驱动因素至关重要。
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have contributed significantly to the current biodiversity crisis, leading to widespread epidemics and population loss. Owing to genetic variation in pathogen virulence, a complete understanding of species decline requires the accurate identification and characterization of EIDs. We explore this issue in the Western honeybee, where increasing mortality of populations in the Northern Hemisphere has caused major concern. Specifically, we investigate the importance of genetic identity of the main suspect in mortality, deformed wing virus (DWV), in driving honeybee loss. Using laboratory experiments and a systematic field survey, we demonstrate that an emerging DWV genotype (DWV-B) is more virulent than the established DWV genotype (DWV-A) and is widespread in the landscape. Furthermore, we show in a simple model that colonies infected with DWV-B collapse sooner than colonies infected with DWV-A. We also identify potential for rapid DWV evolution by revealing extensive genome-wide recombination in vivo. The emergence of DWV-B in naive honeybee populations, including via recombination with DWV-A, could be of significant ecological and economic importance. Our findings emphasize that knowledge of pathogen genetic identity and diversity is critical to understanding drivers of species decline.