Implementing groundwater extraction in life cycle impact assessment: characterization factors based on plant species richness for The Netherlands.
Implementing groundwater extraction in life cycle impact assessment: characterization factors based on plant species richness for The Netherlands.
复制标题
在生命周期影响评估中实施地下水开采：基于荷兰植物物种丰富度的特征因素。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
M. Huijbregts
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. van Zelm;A. Schipper;M. Rombouts;J. Snepvangers;M. Huijbregts
目前，生命周期评价（LCA）缺乏一种可操作的方法来评价与地下水利用相关的环境影响。本文概述了一种方法来计算表征因子，解决地下水开采对陆地植被物种丰富度的影响。表征因子（CF）来自荷兰，由归趋和效应部分组成。归宿系数等于地下水开采量变化引起的水位下降变化，并表示地下水补给所需的时间。它是通过特定网格的稳态地下水流模型获得的。根据625种植物对土壤水分的需求，构建了潜在植物物种丰富度地下水位响应曲线，得到了潜在植物物种丰富度的影响因子。根据初始地下水位，影响因素范围高达9.2%的物种损失每10厘米的地下水位下降。荷兰地下水开采的总CF取决于所采取的值选择，范围为0.09至0.61 m（2）·yr/m（3）。对于自来水生产，我们表明，地下水开采可能导致高达32%的陆地生态系统破坏。利用该方法，地下水开采对陆地生态系统的影响可以系统地包括在LCA中。
An operational method to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with groundwater use is currently lacking in life cycle assessment (LCA). This paper outlines a method to calculate characterization factors that address the effects of groundwater extraction on the species richness of terrestrial vegetation. Characterization factors (CF) were derived for The Netherlands and consist of a fate and an effect part. The fate factor equals the change in drawdown due to a change in groundwater extraction and expresses the amount of time required for groundwater replenishment. It was obtained with a grid-specific steady-state groundwater flow model. Effect factors were obtained from groundwater level response curves of potential plant species richness, which was constructed based on the soil moisture requirements of 625 plant species. Depending on the initial groundwater level, effect factors range up to 9.2% loss of species per 10 cm of groundwater level decrease. The total Dutch CF for groundwater extraction depended on the value choices taken and ranged from 0.09 to 0.61 m(2)·yr/m(3). For tap water production, we showed that groundwater extraction can be responsible for up to 32% of the total terrestrial ecosystem damage. With the proposed approach, effects of groundwater extraction on terrestrial ecosystems can be systematically included in LCA.