Physical growth and nutritional status assessment of school children in Enugu, Nigeria
Physical growth and nutritional status assessment of school children in Enugu, Nigeria
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DOI：
10.4103/1119-3077.180067
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Ibe, B. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eze, J. N.;Oguonu, T.;Ibe, B. C.
背景：儿童的身体发育是其营养状况的反映。在一些发展中国家，如尼日利亚与不断变化的经济和迅速增长的人口，儿童的营养状况是一个社会的整体wellings.Materials和方法的反映：这是一个描述性的横断面研究中，参与者选择使用多级抽样方法。使用标准协议测量随机选择的6-12岁学龄儿童的身高和体重。年龄别体重、年龄别身高和年龄别体重指数（BMI）（以Z分数表示）用于描述营养状况。描述性统计用于确定人体测量的频率和标准差（SD）。使用独立样本t检验评价平均体重、身高和BMI的年龄和性别差异。结果：男1305例，女1311例。平均年龄为8.9 ± 1.9岁。他们的平均身高、体重和BMI分别为136.6 +/- 10.2 cm、29.7 +/- 7.7 kg、15.7 +/- 2.4 kg/m2。WAZ、HAZ和BAZ的平均+/- SD评分分别为0.33 +/- 1.20、0.78 +/- 1.17和-0.51 +/- 1.27。大多数（78.9%，2090/2616）属于正常生长类别。消瘦、超重、肥胖、体重不足和发育迟缓的发生率分别为9.3%（243/2616）、6.3%（166/2616）、4.4%（117/2616）、0.9%（26/2616）和0.4%（13/2616）。结论：绝大多数儿童生长发育正常，其余儿童营养不良程度较重。在尼日利亚所有学校实施学校供餐方案以及针对父母及其子女的营养教育/运动，将有助于防止我国儿童营养不足和营养过剩的双重负担。
Background: Physical growth of a child is a reflection of its state of nutrition. In some developing countries such as Nigeria with changing economy and rapidly growing population, the nutritional status of the children is a reflection of the general well-being of the society.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which participants were selected using a multistage sampling method. Heights and weights of randomly selected school children aged 6-12 years were measured using standard protocols. Weight-for-age, height-for-age, and body mass index (BMI)-for-age expressed as Z-scores were used to characterize the nutritional status. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the frequency and standard deviations (SDs) of the anthropometric measurements. Age and gender differences in the mean body weight, height, and BMI were evaluated using an independent samples t-test. Significant levels were set at P < 0.05.Results: A total of 1305 males and 1311 females were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 8.9 +/- 1.9 years. Their mean height, weight, and BMI were 136.6 +/- 10.2 cm, 29.7 +/- 7.7 kg, 15.7 +/- 2.4 kg/m(2), respectively. Their mean +/- SD scores of the WAZ, HAZ, and BAZ were 0.33 +/- 1.20, 0.78 +/- 1.17, and -0.51 +/- 1.27, respectively. A majority (78.9%, 2090/2616) were in the normal growth category. Wasting, overweight, obesity, underweight, and stunting were noted in 9.3% (243/2616), 6.3% (166/2616), 4.4% (117/2616), 0.9% (26/2616), and 0.4% (13/2616) of the children, respectively. Wasting was more in males (P = 0.069), and overweight was more in females (P = 0.138).Conclusion: A majority of the children have normal growth with the remainder in both extremes of malnutrition. Institution of school-feeding programs in all Nigerian schools as well as nutrition education/campaign directed at parents and their children will help forestall the double burden of under-and over-nutrition among our children.