The role of effective connectivity between the task-positive and task-negative network for evidence gathering [Evidence gathering and connectivity]
The role of effective connectivity between the task-positive and task-negative network for evidence gathering [Evidence gathering and connectivity]
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.02.039
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Mulert, Christoph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreou, Christina;Steinmann, Saskia;Mulert, Christoph
有报道指出，妄想症与“草率下结论”倾向有关，这让人们对概率推理的神经生物学相关性产生了越来越大的兴趣。概率推理涉及到几个大脑区域；然而，这些发现很难整合到一个连贯的描述中。本研究的目的是通过首次调查不同证据收集阶段涉及的大脑区域之间的有效连接来提供额外的证据。我们使用fMRI和一种新的范式(盒子任务)对25名健康个体的证据收集进行了调查，该范式旨在将认知努力和奖励加工的影响降至最低。收集更多证据的决定(“抽签”)与关于大胆活动的最终选择(“结论”)的决定形成了对比。使用心理生理交互作用分析来研究有效连通性。结论：事件与广泛分布的与任务积极网络相关的脑区的广泛脑激活有关。相反，抽签事件的特点是在被认为是任务负向网络的一部分的区域具有更高的激活。两个网络之间的有效连通性在抽签期间减少，在结束活动期间增加。我们的发现表明，概率推理可能取决于任务积极网络和任务消极网络之间的平衡，而两者之间的连接性变化可能对证据收集至关重要。因此，这两个系统之间的异常连接可能会极大地导致仓促下结论的偏见。
Reports linking a 'jumping-to-conclusions' bias to delusions have led to growing interest in the neurobiological correlates of probabilistic reasoning. Several brain areas have been implicated in probabilistic reasoning; however, findings are difficult to integrate into a coherent account. The present study aimed to provide additional evidence by investigating, for the first time, effective connectivity among brain areas involved in different stages of evidence gathering. We investigated evidence gathering in 25 healthy individuals using fMRI and a new paradigm (Box Task) designed such as to minimize the effects of cognitive effort and reward processing. Decisions to collect more evidence ('draws') were contrasted to decisions to reach a final choice ('conclusions') with respect to BOLD activity. Psychophysiological interaction analysis was used to investigate effective connectivity. Conclusion events were associated with extensive brain activations in widely distributed brain areas associated with the task-positive network. In contrast, draw events were characterized by higher activation in areas assumed to be part of the task-negative network. Effective connectivity between the two networks decreased during draws and increased during conclusion events. Our findings indicate that probabilistic reasoning may depend on the balance between the task-positive and task-negative network, and that shifts in connectivity between the two may be crucial for evidence gathering. Thus, abnormal connectivity between the two systems may significantly contribute to the jumping-to-conclusions bias.