The Past, Present, and Future of Metal Halide Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
The Past, Present, and Future of Metal Halide Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
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DOI：
10.1002/smsc.202000072
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发表时间：
2021-03
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael Worku;Azza Ben‐Akacha;Tunde Blessed Shonde;He Liu;Biwu Ma
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作者：
Michael Worku;Azza Ben‐Akacha;Tunde Blessed Shonde;He Liu;Biwu Ma
金属卤化物钙钛矿(MHP)是新一代高效fi窄带发光材料，在光伏(PV)、发光二极管(LED)、激光器和闪烁体等光电子器件中有着广泛的应用。自2014年MHPS展示了高效的fi室温电致发光以来，MHP发光材料和器件的开发和研究取得了显著进展。虽然MHPfifi(PeLED)的器件性能在短时间内有了显著的提高，但其整体性能还没有达到有机LED(OLED)和量子点LED(QDLED)等成熟技术的水平，无法实现实际应用。许多问题和挑战，包括操作稳定性低，缺乏有效的fi蓝色发光二极管，以及MHPS的毒性，仍有待解决。本文介绍了近几年来在高效、稳定的fi发展中取得的一些最令人振奋的进展，讨论了fi领域面临的主要问题和挑战，并展望了解决这些问题和挑战的前景。在不断的努力下，PeLED在未来成为显示和照明应用的商业可用LED技术的潜力看起来很乐观。进一步的探索。高和厚度无关的双极载流子迁移率、可调能级和易于沉积使MHPS有望成为高效率fi效率和高亮度薄film LED的候选材料。制造全MHP PeLED的可能性非常耐人寻味，提供了良好的能带对齐、平衡的电荷注入和传输，以及类似于III(CID：1)V半导体LED的能级分级异质结构。然而，全MHP PeLED的成功取决于为不同的MHP层提供fi和正交的溶剂，或获得高的PLQE气相沉积的MHP，更重要的是，减缓跨CTL/EML界面的离子迁移。5)最后，随着增强现实(AR)和虚拟现实(VR)等新显示行业的出现，PeLED的窄辐射对于为消费者提供逼真的体验可能是重要的。目前，可以提供高像素密度和高亮度的微型LED和微型OLED被用于增强现实和虚拟现实中。未来在光致发光二极管方面的努力也可以被用于研究制造微型光致发光二极管的可能性。在这一旅程中，fi的第一步可能是采用MHPS来沉积和构图已经可用于微型LED显示器的技术。
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have emerged as new-generation highly ef fi cient narrow-band luminescent materials with applications in various optoelectronic devices, including photovoltaics (PVs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and scintillators. Since the demonstration of ef fi cient room-temperature electroluminescence from MHPs in 2014, remarkable progress has been achieved in the development and study of light-emitting MHP materials and devices. While the device ef fi ciencies of MHP LEDs (PeLEDs) have signi fi cantly improved over a short period of time, their overall performance has not reached the levels of mature technologies yet, such as organic LEDs (OLEDs) and quantum dot LEDs (QDLEDs), to enable practical applications. Many issues and challenges, including low operational stability, lack of ef fi cient blue PeLEDs, and toxicity of MHPs, remain to be addressed. Herein, some of the most exciting progress achieved in the development of ef fi cient and stable PeLEDs during the last few years are introduced, the main issues and challenges in the fi eld are discussed, and the prospects on addressing these issues and challenges are provided. With continuous effort, the potential of PeLEDs to become a com-mercially available LED technology for display and lighting applications in the future looks optimistic. further exploration. The high and thickness-independent bipolar charge carrier mobility, tunable energy levels, and facile deposition make MHPs promising candidates for high-ef fi ciency and high-brightness thin- fi lm LEDs. The possibility of fabricating all-MHP PeLEDs is very intriguing, offering good band alignment, balanced charge injection and transport, as well as energy-level-graded heterostructures akin to III (cid:1) V semiconductor-based LEDs. However, the success of all-MHP PeLEDs is predicated on fi nding orthogonal solvents for the different MHP layers or obtaining high PLQE vapor-deposited MHPs and, more impor-tantly, mitigating ion migration across CTL/EML interfaces. 5) Finally, with the advent of new display industries, such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), the narrow emissions of PeLEDs could be important in offering life-like experi-ences to consumers. Currently, micro-LEDs and micro-OLEDs, which can afford high pixel density and high brightness, are in use for applications in AR and VR. Future efforts in PeLEDs could also be directed to investigating the possibility of manufacturing micro-PeLEDs. The fi rst step in this journey could be adopting MHPs to deposition and patterning technologies already available for micro-LED displays.