Inactive hydrothermal vent microbial communities are important contributors to deep ocean primary productivity
Inactive hydrothermal vent microbial communities are important contributors to deep ocean primary productivity
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DOI：
10.1038/s41564-024-01599-9
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发表时间：
2024-01-29
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Sylvan，Jason B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Achberger，Amanda M.;Jones，Rose;Sylvan，Jason B.
活跃的热液喷口是深海生产力的绿洲，但为如此丰富的生命提供燃料的溶解基质的流动最终会停止，留下不活跃的矿藏。这些沉积物上的微生物活动率基本上不受限制。在这里，我们展示了不活跃热液矿床的初级生产，并量化了其对深海新有机碳生产的贡献。测量的14 C-碳酸氢盐的掺入表明，非活性沉积物上的微生物群落以与活跃的通风沉积物上的微生物群落相当的速率固定无机碳。单细胞摄取实验和纳米级二次离子质谱分析表明，化能自养生物占活性微生物细胞的很大一部分（>30%）。对非活性沉积物的宏基因组学和脂质组学调查进一步表明，微生物群落以 Alphaproteobacteria 和 Gammaproteobacteria 为主，利用 Calvin-Benson-Bassham 途径进行碳固定。这些发现表明，不活跃的喷口沉积物是海底微生物活动和有机碳生产的重要场所。
Active hydrothermal vents are oases for productivity in the deep ocean, but the flow of dissolved substrates that fuel such abundant life ultimately ceases, leaving behind inactive mineral deposits. The rates of microbial activity on these deposits are largely unconstrained. Here we show primary production occurs on inactive hydrothermal deposits and quantify its contribution to new organic carbon production in the deep ocean. Measured incorporation of14C-bicarbonate shows that microbial communities on inactive deposits fix inorganic carbon at rates comparable to those on actively venting deposits. Single-cell uptake experiments and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry showed chemoautotrophs comprise a large fraction (>30%) of the active microbial cells. Metagenomic and lipidomic surveys of inactive deposits further revealed that the microbial communities are dominated by Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria using the Calvin–Benson–Bassham pathway for carbon fixation. These findings establish inactive vent deposits as important sites for microbial activity and organic carbon production on the seafloor.