Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine Against Life-threatening RT-PCR-confirmed Influenza Illness in US Children, 2010-2012
Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine Against Life-threatening RT-PCR-confirmed Influenza Illness in US Children, 2010-2012
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiu185
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Randolph, Adrienne G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferdinands, Jill M.;Olsho, Lauren E. W.;Randolph, Adrienne G.
背景。尚无研究检验流感疫苗对儿童因流感病毒感染而入住重症监护室 (ICU) 的有效性。方法。 2010-2011年和2011-2012年，美国21个儿科重症监护病房（PICU）收治的6个月至17岁的患有急性严重呼吸道疾病且流感检测呈阳性的儿童作为病例入组；检测结果呈阴性的儿童是 PICU 对照。社区对照是没有因流感相关住院的儿童，与合并症和地理区域的病例相匹配。使用逻辑回归模型评估疫苗有效性。结果。我们分析了 44 名病例、172 名 PICU 对照者和 93 名社区对照者的数据。 18% 的病例、31% 的 PICU 对照和 51% 的社区对照已完全接种疫苗。与未接种疫苗的儿童相比，与 PICU 对照或社区对照相比，完全接种疫苗的儿童因流感入住 PICU 的可能性分别降低 74%（95% CI，19% 至 91%）或 82%（95% CI，23% 至 96%）。对于建议接种 2 剂疫苗的儿童来说，接种 1 剂疫苗并不能起到保护作用。结论。在 2010-2011 和 2011-2012 年美国流感季节，流感疫苗接种使儿童患危及生命的流感疾病的风险降低了四分之三。
Background. No studies have examined the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against intensive care unit (ICU) admission associated with influenza virus infection among children.Methods. In 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, children aged 6 months to 17 years admitted to 21 US pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) with acute severe respiratory illness and testing positive for influenza were enrolled as cases; children who tested negative were PICU controls. Community controls were children without an influenza-related hospitalization, matched to cases by comorbidities and geographic region. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated with logistic regression models.Results. We analyzed data from 44 cases, 172 PICU controls, and 93 community controls. Eighteen percent of cases, 31% of PICU controls, and 51% of community controls were fully vaccinated. Compared to unvaccinated children, children who were fully vaccinated were 74% (95% CI, 19% to 91%) or 82% (95% CI, 23% to 96%) less likely to be admitted to a PICU for influenza compared to PICU controls or community controls, respectively. Receipt of 1 dose of vaccine among children for whom 2 doses were recommended was not protective.Conclusions. During the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 US influenza seasons, influenza vaccination was associated with a three-quarters reduction in the risk of life-threatening influenza illness in children.