Reward expectancy promotes generalized increases in attentional bias for rewarding stimuli
Reward expectancy promotes generalized increases in attentional bias for rewarding stimuli
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DOI：
10.1080/17470218.2012.686513
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Field, Matt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Andrew;Hogarth, Lee;Field, Matt
对药物可获得性的期望增加了对药物相关线索的注意力偏差。然而，目前尚不清楚这些影响是否是结果特异性的，或者对特定奖励者的期望是否会产生对其他类型奖励线索的注意偏向的普遍增强。在本研究中，31名社交饮酒者完成了一项眼动追踪任务，其中对酒精和巧克力相关线索的注意力偏差进行了评估，同时在逐个试验的基础上操纵了对酒精和巧克力的期望。总体而言，参与者对酒精和巧克力线索（相对于中性线索）表现出注意力偏差。重要的是，当参与者期望获得酒精和巧克力时，这些对奖励线索的注意力偏差被放大，但效果并不是结果特异性的：接受酒精或巧克力的期望增加了对酒精和巧克力线索的注意力偏差。结果表明，预期的奖励产生了一个普遍的，而不是特定的结果增强奖励相关的刺激的注意力偏差。
Expectations of drug availability increase the magnitude of attentional biases for drug-related cues. However, it is unknown whether these effects are outcome specific, or whether expectation of a specific reinforcer produces a general enhancement of attentional bias for other types of rewarding cues. In the present study, 31 social drinkers completed an eye-tracking task in which attentional bias for alcohol- and chocolate-related cues was assessed while the expectation of receiving alcohol and chocolate was manipulated on a trial-by-trial basis. Participants showed attentional bias for alcohol and chocolate cues (relative to neutral cues) overall. Importantly, these attentional biases for reward cues were magnified when participants expected to receive alcohol and chocolate, but effects were not outcome specific: The expectation of receiving either alcohol or chocolate increased attentional bias for both alcohol and chocolate cues. Results suggest that anticipation of reward produces a general rather than an outcome-specific enhancement of attentional bias for reward-related stimuli.