Skin temperature changes in humans induced by local peripheral cooling
Skin temperature changes in humans induced by local peripheral cooling
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DOI：
10.1016/s0306-4565(03)00028-7
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Slovácek, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jansky, L;Vávra, V;Slovácek, K
局部外周冷却（将腿部至膝盖浸入12摄氏度的水中）在冷却的前3-10分钟内使心率和血压增加10- 20%。在进一步冷却期间，心率保持升高，而收缩压和舒张压降低至对照值。心率数据表明，在局部冷却过程中，交感神经系统会永久激活。局部冷却开始后，身体某些非冷却区域（手指、手掌和大腿）的皮肤温度（通过温度传感器局部测量）立即下降。另一方面，胸部和前额的皮肤温度不受影响。在冷却过程中，大腿的皮肤温度仍然很低，但手指的皮肤温度往往会增加。在局部降温过程中，在手指、手掌和前臂上观察到冷诱导的血管舒张循环（CIVD），在非降温区域的皮肤温度变化表明交感神经系统在局部降温过程中发生了永久性和普遍性的激活。在前额、大腿和胸部观察皮肤温度的分钟周期。分钟周期与心率一致，表明永久性的，在局部冷却过程中，交感神经系统对血管运动的广泛但不连续的控制。来自不同身体区域的红外热像记录表明，局部外周冷却在5分钟内降低了身体所有区域的皮肤温度。（四肢）和胸肌表现出更大的低温比腹部和头部。降温10分钟后，体表各部位平均皮肤温度恢复到原来水平，并以10-15分钟的间隔进一步波动，数据表明，局部降温过程中体表各部位皮肤血流量持续波动，形成皮肤温度动态变化的马赛克。由于鼓膜温度升高，而皮肤温度在局部冷却开始后立即降低，因此似乎初始血管收缩反应独立于中枢温度输入而被控制。(C)2003爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Local peripheral cooling (immerson of legs up to the knees into 12degreesC water) increased heart rate and blood pressure by 10-20 % within the first 3-10 min of cooling. During further cooling heart rate remained elevated, while systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased to the control value. Data on heart rate indicate a permanent activation of the sympathetic nervous system during local cooling.Skin temperatures (measured topically by thermosensors) decreased on some non-cooled areas of the body (fingers, palms and thighs) immediately after the start of local cooling. On the other hand, skin temperatures on chest and forehead were not influenced. During cooling skin temperatures on thighs remained low, but skin temperatures on fingers tended to increase. Changes in skin temperatures on non-cooled areas of the body indicate that a permanent and generalized activation of the sympathetic nervous system occurs during local cooling.Cold induced cycles of vasodilation (CIVD) were observed on fingers, palms and forearms during local cooling. Minute cycles in skin temperatures were observed on forehead, thighs and chest. Minute cycles coincided with those in the heart rate, indicating a permanent, generalized but discontinuous control of vasomotion by the sympathetic nervous system during local cooling.Infrared thermographic recordings from different body areas indicated that local peripheral cooling lowered skin temperatures in all areas of the body within 5 min. Distant areas of the body (extremities) and pectoral muscles showed greater hypothermia than abdominal areas and head. After 10 min of cooling average skin temperatures in all areas of the body returned to the original level and further fluctuated at approximately 10-15 min intervals.Data indicate that during local cooling skin blood flow in all areas-of the body surface permanently fluctuates forming a mosaic of dynamic changes in skin temperatures. Since tympanic temperature increases, while skin temperature decreases immediately after the start of the local cooling, it appears that the initial vasoconstrictor response is being controlled independently of the central temperature input. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.