Heterochrony and the development of the escape response: prehatching movements in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Heterochrony and the development of the escape response: prehatching movements in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
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异时性和逃避反应的发展：虹鳟鱼 Oncorhynchus mykiss 的孵化前运动。
DOI：
10.1002/jez.409
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Swanson,BrookO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gibb,AliceC;Liu,Corina;Swanson,BrookO
硬骨鱼在孵化时产生协调的逃逸反应（C‐starts）。这意味着基本的游泳形态和运动行为是在胚胎处于绒毛膜的孵化期形成的。我们研究了虹鳟鱼oncorhycus mykiss（被认为在孵化时形态成熟）的孵化前运动行为，并将其与斑马鱼danio rerio（被认为形态不成熟）进行了比较，并评估了两种关于逃跑行为发展的假设。(1)逃跑行为与肌肉骨骼和神经系统关键要素的形成有关；因此，逃逸反应出现在个体发育早期，当这些元素形成时。(2)逃逸行为与底层形态要素的形成无直接关系；相反，它出现在孵化（即需要时）。我们发现虹鳟鱼和斑马鱼一样，在孵化期的早期就对触摸有反应，但直到孵化前不久才表现出完整的C - start（包括第二阶段，推进阶段）。在孵化阶段，虹鳟鱼和斑马鱼在软骨头盖骨、成对鳍和内脏弓（包括幼虫的颚和鳃支撑）的发育程度上是相似的；然而，虹鳟鱼在其未配对的鳍（背鳍、肛门鳍和尾鳍）上有早期的鳍，而斑马鱼保留了胚胎鳍。虽然虹鳟鱼在孵化时的轴向游泳形态更成熟，但在这两个物种中，产生协调逃逸反应的基本神经和肌肉骨骼系统在孵化时都具有功能。这一发现支持了进化假说，即有效的逃生反应对新孵化的硬骨鱼的生存至关重要。实验与实验，2009,31(1):556-567。©2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc。
Teleost fishes produce coordinated escape responses (C‐starts) at hatching. This implies that essential swimming morphologies and motor behaviors develop during the incubation interval while the embryo is in the chorion. We examined prehatching motor behaviors in rainbow troutOncorhycus mykiss(considered morphologically mature at hatching) and compared this species with zebrafishDanio rerio(considered morphologically immature) and assessed two hypotheses concerning the development of escape behavior. (1) Escape behavior is associated with the formation of key elements of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems; thus, the escape response appears early in ontogeny, when these elements form. (2) Escape behavior is not directly associated with the formation of underlying morphological elements; instead, it appears at hatching (i.e. when needed). We find that rainbow trout, like zebrafish, respond to touch early in the incubation interval, but do not demonstrate a complete C‐start (including the second, propulsive stage) until shortly before hatching. At hatching, rainbow trout and zebrafish are similar in the degree of development of the chondocranium, paired fins and visceral arches (which comprise the larval jaw and gill support); however, rainbow trout have incipient rays in their unpaired fins (dorsal, anal and caudal), whereas zebrafish retain the embryonic fin fold. Although rainbow trout are more mature in axial swimming morphology at hatching, the essential neural and musculoskeletal systems that produce a coordinated escape response are functional at hatching in both species. This finding supports the evolutionary hypothesis that an effective escape response is critical for the survival of newly hatched teleost fishes.J. Exp. Zool. 307A:556–567, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.