Total mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine among women free from occupational exposure and their relations to renal tubular function
Total mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine among women free from occupational exposure and their relations to renal tubular function
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2006.06.009
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Murata, Katsuyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ohno, Tomoko;Sakamoto, Mineshi;Murata, Katsuyuki
为了调查头发、脚趾甲和尿液中总汞含量之间的关系，以及甲基汞摄入量对肾小管功能的潜在影响，我们测定了 59 名没有职业接触的女性的汞含量以及尿中 N-乙酰基-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性 (NAG) 和 α(1)-微球蛋白 (AMG)，并使用食物频率问卷估算了每日从鱼类和其他海鲜中摄入的汞量。女性头发中的汞含量（平均值+/-标准差）为1.51+/-0.91μg/g，脚趾甲中为0.59+/-0.32μg/g，尿液中肌酐为0.86+/-0.66μg/g；并且，它们之间呈正相关（P<0.001）。每日汞摄入量（9.15+/-7.84μg/天）与头发、脚趾甲和尿液中的总汞含量显着相关（r = 0.551、0.537和0.604，P < 0.001）。在女性中，NAG和AMG与每日汞摄入量以及头发、脚趾甲和尿液中的汞含量呈正相关（P < 0.01）；并且，当使用多元回归分析来调整可能的混杂因素（例如尿镉（0.47 +/- 0.28 mu g/g 肌酐）和吸烟状况）时，这些关系几乎相似。总之，食用鱼类产生的汞可以在一定程度上解释头发、脚趾甲和尿液中的总汞含量（约 30%），部分是通过降解为无机形式，并且它可能会混淆其他肾毒性物质的肾小管效应。此外，以下公式可能适用于既没有牙科汞合金填充物也没有职业接触的人群：[头发汞（μ g/g）] 2.44 x [脚趾甲汞（μ g/g）]。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
To investigate the relations among total mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine, together with potential effects of methylmercury intake on renal tubular function, we determined their levels, and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity (NAG) and alpha(1)-microglobulin (AMG) in 59 women free from occupational exposures, and estimated daily mercury intakes from fish and other seafood using a food frequency questionnaire. Mercury levels (mean +/- SD) in the women were 1.51 +/- 0.91 mu g/g in hair, 0.59 +/- 0.32 mu g/g in toenail, and 0.86 +/- 0.66 mu g/g creatinine in urine; and, there were positive correlations among them (P < 0.001). The daily mercury intake of 9.15 +/- 7.84 mu g/day was significantly correlated with total mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine (r = 0.551, 0.537, and 0.604, P < 0.001). Among the women, the NAG and AMG were positively correlated with both the daily mercury intake and mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine (P < 0.01); and, these relations were almost similar when using multiple regression analysis to adjust for possible confounders such as urinary cadmium (0.47 +/- 0.28 mu g/g creatinine) and smoking status. In conclusion, mercury resulting from fish consumption can explain total mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine to some degree (about 30%), partly through the degradation into the inorganic form, and it may confound the renal tubular effect of other nephrotoxic agents. Also, the following equation may be applicable to the population neither with dental amalgam fillings nor with occupational exposures: [hair mercury (mu g/g)] 2.44 x [toenail mercury (mu g/g)]. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.