Periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.): A GIS-based map of Broods XIV in 2008 and “XV” in 2009
Periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.): A GIS-based map of Broods XIV in 2008 and “XV” in 2009
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周期蝉（Magicicada spp.）：基于 GIS 的 2008 年 Broods XIV 和 2009 年“XV”地图
DOI：
10.1093/ae/57.3.144
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Cooley;G. Kritsky;M. Edwards;John D. Zyla;D. Marshall;K. Hill;Gerry Bunker;Michael L. Neckermann;Roy Troutman;J. Yoshimura;C. Simon
基于GIS，主要由来自19世纪美国农业部地图的县级记录组成（图1; Marlatt 1923），其低分辨率限制了其用于测试有关育雏形成和生态学的假设的实用性（马歇尔2001）。此外，现有的地图往往无法区分典型的紧急情况，这依赖于捕食者饱足，涉及密度为每英亩数万至数百万只蝉（Beamer 1931; Dybas and Davis 1962; Lloyd and Dybas 1966; Dybas 1969; Karban 1982 a，B;威廉姆斯和西蒙1995）和出现少量蝉或分散的个体，这可能被解释为生命周期长度的潜在变化的表达（“掉队者”;亚历山大和摩尔，1962;迪巴斯，1969;马歇尔，2001）。尽管修订版已经纠正了一些绘图问题（Simon 1988; Kritsky 1992;欧文和Coelho 2000; Cooley et al. 2009），但大多数育雏都需要基于GIS的详细研究。特别令人感兴趣的是Brood XIV，它具有显著的地理范围，从新英格兰延伸到格鲁吉亚，向西穿过田纳西州中部和肯塔基州（Marlatt 1923; Simon 1988）。有人认为，第十四窝是至少部分或所有其他17年的Magicicada窝的来源（劳埃德和Dybas 1966），通过一个涉及气候介导的生命周期错误发生在区域尺度上的窝形成过程（亚历山大和摩尔1962）。然而，这些假设是
GIS-based and consist largely of county-level records derived from 19th-century USDA maps (Fig. 1; Marlatt 1923) whose low resolution limits their utility for testing hypotheses about brood formation and ecology (Marshall 2001). In addition, existing maps often fail to distinguish between typical emergences, which rely on predator satiation and involve densities of tens of thousands to millions of cicadas per acre (Beamer 1931; Dybas and Davis 1962; Lloyd and Dybas 1966; Dybas 1969; Karban 1982a, b; Williams and Simon 1995) and emergences of small numbers of cicadas or scattered individuals, which may be explained as expressions of latent variation in life-cycle length (“stragglers”; Alexander and Moore 1962; Dybas 1969; Marshall 2001). Even though revisions have corrected some mapping problems (Simon 1988; Kritsky 1992; Irwin and Coelho 2000; Cooley et al. 2009), most broods are in need of detailed, GIS-based study. Of particular interest is Brood XIV, which has a remarkable geographic extent, reaching from New England to Georgia and west through central Tennessee and Kentucky (Marlatt 1923; Simon 1988). It has been suggested that Brood XIV is the source of at least some or all of the other 17-year Magicicada broods (Lloyd and Dybas 1966) through a process of brood formation that involves climate-mediated life cycle mistakes occurring on regional scales (Alexander and Moore 1962). However, these hypotheses are