Structure and organization of the transfer ribonucleic acid genes of Escherichia coli K-12.
Structure and organization of the transfer ribonucleic acid genes of Escherichia coli K-12.
复制标题
大肠杆菌 K-12 转移核糖核酸基因的结构和组织。
DOI：
10.1128/mr.49.4.379-397.1985
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ozeki,H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fournier,MJ;Ozeki,H
* 通讯作者。产物的这些结构特征利用了相应tDNA序列中近80%的碱基。从表面上看，似乎tRNA基因的大部分信息容量只是在指定最终产物的基本结构要求时被消耗掉了。当然，我们知道事实并非如此，而且tDNA元件也包含了大量的功能信息。这种信息既与定义结构的序列元素整合在一起，又叠加在其上。每个基因都编码有独特的和共同的功能特性。包括相当多的前体成熟、蛋白质生物合成和各种非翻译过程中涉及的蛋白质的识别位点。在大肠杆菌中，至少有8到10种酶参与将初级转录物转化为成熟的tRNA分子。这一组包括从末端修剪掉额外核苷酸的溶核加工活性，以及六种以上的独特碱基修饰酶（7，30，70）。当考虑到参与成熟tRNA功能的蛋白质时，tRNA基因中编码的特异性识别元件的数量变得更加惊人。参与翻译的tRNA必须被一种特异性氨酰-tRNA合成酶识别，
* Corresponding author. these structural features of the product utilize nearly 80% of the bases in the corresponding tDNA sequence. On the surface then, it would appear that most of the informational capacity of the tRNA gene is consumed just in specifying the basic structural requirements of the final product. We know that this is not the case, of course, and that the tDNA elements contain an extraordinary amount of functional information as well. This informnation is both integrated with and superimposed on the sequence elements that define the structure. Both unique and common func-tional properties are encoded in each gene. Included are recognition sites for a considerable array of proteins involved in precursor maturation, protein biosynthesis, and a variety of nontranslational processes. In Escherichia coli, a minimum of 8 to 10 enzymes are involved in just converting the primary transcript to the mature tRNA molecule. This group includes the nucleolytic processing activities which trim away extra nucleotides from the ends and upwards of six uniquebase-modifying enzymes (7, 30, 70). When the proteins involved in the functioning of the mature tRNA are considered, the number of specific recognition elements encoded in the tRNA gene becomes even more impressive. tRNAs participating in translation must be recognized by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, initi-