Adolescent injury morbidity in New Zealand, 1987–96
Adolescent injury morbidity in New Zealand, 1987–96
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新西兰青少年伤害发病率，1987-96 年
作者：
K. Kypri;D. Chalmers;J. Langley;Clinton S. Wright
目的：青少年在伤害统计中的比例过高。新西兰拥有一个医院出院数据库，可以在国家一级分析非致命伤害数据。提供了青少年伤害发病率的流行病学描述，并讨论了预防的选择。方法：从新西兰卫生信息服务的发病率数据文件中确定1987 - 1996年期间因受伤住院的15-19岁患者。对伤害的方式、原因和性质进行了检查。综述了伤害预防策略。结果：住院损伤发生率为1886 / 10万人年。受害者主要是男性（70%）。造成伤害的主要原因是道路交通事故、运动伤害和自我中毒。最常见的损伤诊断是头部损伤（29%）和肢体骨折（21%）。道路交通碰撞造成严重伤害的比例最高。结论：道路交通事故、运动伤害和自我造成的中毒是最有可能减轻青少年后期伤害负担的领域。毕业驾驶执照显示出作为预防伤害措施的希望，但仍然没有充分实施。减少自己造成的中毒的政策的效力尚不清楚，减少运动中伤害的措施的有效性有待证据。
Objectives: Adolescents are over-represented in injury statistics. New Zealand is privileged in having a hospital discharge database allowing for analysis of non-fatal injury data at a national level. An epidemiological description of adolescent injury morbidity is provided and options for prevention are discussed. Method: People aged 15–19 years admitted to hospital for their injuries in the period 1987–96 were identified from the New Zealand Health Information Service morbidity data files. The manner, causes, and nature of injury were examined. Injury prevention strategies were reviewed. Results: The incidence of hospitalised injury was 1886 per 100 000 person years. The victims were predominantly male (70%). The leading causes of injury were road traffic crashes, sports injuries, and self poisoning. The most common injury diagnoses were head injuries (29%) and limb fractures (21%). Road traffic crashes produced the highest proportion of serious injuries. Conclusions: Road traffic crashes, sports injuries, and self inflicted poisoning, stood out as areas with the greatest potential for reducing the burden of injury in late adolescence. Graduated driver licensing shows promise as an injury prevention measure but remains inadequately implemented. Policies to reduce self inflicted poisoning are of unknown efficacy, and evidence is awaited on the effectiveness of measures to reduce injury in sport.