Occupational Physical Stress Is Negatively Associated With Hippocampal Volume and Memory in Older Adults
Occupational Physical Stress Is Negatively Associated With Hippocampal Volume and Memory in Older Adults
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2020.00266
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发表时间：
2020-07-15
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kramer, Arthur F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burzynska, Agnieszka Z.;Ganster, Daniel C.;Kramer, Arthur F.
我们的工作可以提供丰富的智力和社交环境，但也是主要的心理和身体压力的来源。由于全职员工平均每工作日在工作上花费8小时，并在职场工作了大约40年，职业经历肯定是认知和大脑老化的重要因素。因此，我们在99名认知正常的老年人中研究了职业复杂性和压力是否与海马体体积和认知能力有关。我们使用工作设计问卷(Morgeson and Humphrey，2006)、定量工作量清单和工作中的人际冲突量表(Spector and Jex，1998)来评估职业复杂性、身体压力和心理压力。我们发现，身体压力，包括身体需求和工作条件，与较小的海马体体积和较差的记忆表现有关。这些关联与年龄、性别、大脑大小、社会经济因素(教育、收入和职称)、工作时间、就业状况、休闲体育活动和一般压力无关。这表明，工作中的身体需求和休闲体育活动可能在很大程度上对大脑和认知健康产生独立和相反的影响。我们的发现强调了考虑中年职业经历的重要性，例如工作和身体压力，以了解个人认知和大脑老化的轨迹。
Our jobs can provide intellectually and socially enriched environments but also be the source of major psychological and physical stressors. As the average full-time worker spends >8 h at work per weekday and remains in the workforce for about 40 years, occupational experiences must be important factors in cognitive and brain aging. Therefore, we studied whether occupational complexity and stress are associated with hippocampal volume and cognitive ability in 99 cognitively normal older adults. We estimated occupational complexity, physical stress, and psychological stress using the Work Design Questionnaire (Morgeson and Humphrey, 2006), Quantitative Workload Inventory and Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (Spector and Jex, 1998). We found that physical stress, comprising physical demands and work conditions, was associated with smaller hippocampal volume and poorer memory performance. These associations were independent of age, gender, brain size, socioeconomic factors (education, income, and job title), duration of the job, employment status, leisure physical activity and general stress. This suggests that physical demands at work and leisure physical activity may have largely independent and opposite effects on brain and cognitive health. Our findings highlight the importance of considering midlife occupational experiences, such as work physical stress, in understanding individual trajectories of cognitive and brain aging.