Automaticity versus timesharing in timing and tracking dual-task performance
Automaticity versus timesharing in timing and tracking dual-task performance
复制标题
定时和跟踪双任务性能的自动化与分时
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Scott W. Brown
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scott W. Brown
摘要通过两个实验研究了手动跟踪任务对时间绩效的干扰效应。受试者产生了一系列的5-S时间生产控制（定时）和实验（定时+追求转子跟踪）条件下。在实验条件下，时间更多变，这一发现与注意力模型相一致，该模型认为，时间任务与并发分心任务竞争有限的处理资源。本研究采用前测-后测范式，对追踪任务的练习会减少注意需求从而减弱干扰效应的假设进行了验证。实验1涉及单任务练习（单独跟踪）。单一任务练习导致自动化，即使用较少的处理资源执行熟练任务的能力。前后测的比较表明，这种做法减少了干扰的时间。实验2涉及双任务练习（计时+跟踪）。双任务练习促进了分时能力的发展，即在多个任务之间有效转换注意力的能力。在这种情况下，实践未能减少时间上的干扰效应。结果表明，有效的策略，在双任务的情况下，时间必须允许一个密切关注正在进行的时间事件流。
Abstract Two experiments investigated the interfering effects of a manual tracking task on timing performance. Subjects generated a series of 5-s temporal productions under control (timing only) and experimental (timing + pursuit rotor tracking) conditions. Timing was more variable under experimental conditions, a finding consistent with attentional models which argue that timing tasks compete with concurrent distractor tasks for limited processing resources. A pretest-posttest paradigm was employed to evaluate the hypothesis that practice on the tracking task would lessen its attentional demands and thereby attenuate the interference effect. Experiment 1 involved single-task practice (tracking alone). Single-task practice leads to automaticity, the ability to perform a skilled task using fewer processing resources. Pretest-posttest comparisons showed that such practice reduced interference in timing. Experiment 2 involved dual-task practice (timing + tracking). Dual-task practice promotes the development of timesharing, the ability to efficiently switch attention between multiple tasks. In this case, practice failed to reduce the interference effect in timing. The results suggest that effective strategies for timing in dual-task situations must allow one to closely monitor the ongoing flow of temporal events.
DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.116.1.68
发表时间：
1987-03
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. General
影响因子：
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作者：
William Hirst;David Kalmar
通讯作者：
William Hirst;David Kalmar