Magnetic refrigerator for hydrogen liquefaction
Magnetic refrigerator for hydrogen liquefaction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cryogenics.2014.03.016
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Matsumoto, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Numazawa, T.;Kamiya, K.;Matsumoto, K.
本文综述了氢液化磁制冷系统的研究现状。毫无疑问，氢是不久的将来最重要的能源之一。特别是，液氢可用于储存和运输等基础设施建设。当我们将氢气液化与高压氢气的消耗能量进行比较时，氢气液化的FOM必须大于0.57。因此，我们需要开发一种高效的液化方法。利用磁热效应的磁制冷不仅有可能实现>50%的更高液化效率，而且具有环境友好性和成本效益。我们的氢磁制冷系统由用于液化阶段的卡诺循环和用于预冷阶段的AMR（主动磁再生器）循环组成。对于卡诺循环，我们利用热管开发了液化效率>80%的高效系统。对于 AMR 循环，我们研究了两种传输工作流体的置换器系统。我们在 1.8 T 磁场和 6 s 周期的冷却温度跨度为 12 K 时证实了 AMR 效应。通过模拟，我们估计氢气液化装置的效率为 10 公斤/天。当工作温度在 20 K 到 77 K 之间（包括液氮工作输入）时，FOM 为 0.47。 (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
This paper reviews the status of magnetic refrigeration system for hydrogen liquefaction. There is no doubt that hydrogen is one of most important energy sources in the near future. In particular, liquid hydrogen can be utilized for infrastructure construction consisting of storage and transportation. When we compare the consuming energy of hydrogen liquefaction with high pressurized hydrogen gas, FOM must be larger than 0.57 for hydrogen liquefaction. Thus, we need to develop a highly efficient liquefaction method. Magnetic refrigeration using the magneto-caloric effect has potential to realize not only the higher liquefaction efficiency >50%, but also to be environmentally friendly and cost effective. Our hydrogen magnetic refrigeration system consists of Carnot cycle for liquefaction stage and AMR (active magnetic regenerator) cycle for precooling stages. For the Carnot cycle, we develop the high efficient system with >80% liquefaction efficiency by using the heat pipe. For the AMR cycle, we studied two kinds of displacer systems, which transferred the working fluid. We confirmed the AMR effect with the cooling temperature span of 12 K for 1.8 T of the magnetic field and 6 s of the cycle. By using the simulation, we estimate the efficiency of the hydrogen liquefaction plant for 10 kg/day. A FOM of 0.47 is obtained for operation temperature between 20 K and 77 K including LN2 work input. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.