Memory and Sacrifice: An Embodied Theory of Martyrdom
Memory and Sacrifice: An Embodied Theory of Martyrdom
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记忆与牺牲：殉难的具体理论
DOI：
10.1177/1749975507086276
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
G. Fine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michaela DeSoucey;Jo;Corey D. Fields;Kerry Dobransky;G. Fine
我们使用声誉方法来创建一种殉道理论，该理论综合了关于身体政治、文化符号和集体记忆的学术知识。烈士的形成是一个有争议的社会过程，既取决于烈士支持者的资源，也取决于烈士形象被引入的文化背景。我们的方法非常适合于分析烈士是如何“在实地”被利用并被赋予文化和物质效用的。我们强调对烈士肉体的概念和接受的关注，特别是作为身份和意义的来源，给予关于死亡和牺牲的社会观念以情感上的分量。对烈士遗体的控制源于声誉企业家的文化和政治错综复杂，因此将遗体用作文化媒介。为了检验这一具体化殉难的概念，我们考察了圣女贞德、约翰·布朗和切·格瓦拉的案例。
We use a reputational approach to create a theory of martyrdom that synthesizes scholarship on the body politic, cultural symbols, and collective memory. The making of a martyr, a contested social process, depends on both the resources of the martyr's supporters and the cultural context into which the martyr's image is introduced. Our approach is well suited to analyzing how martyrs are used `on the ground' and given cultural and material utility. We highlight the attention paid to the conception and reception of the martyr's corporeal body, in particular, as a source of identity and meaning, giving emotional weight to social ideas about death and sacrifice. Control over martyrs' bodies derives from the cultural and political intricacies of reputational entrepreneurship, thus employing the body as a medium of culture. To examine this concept of embodied martyrdom, we examine the cases of Joan of Arc, John Brown, and Che Guevara.